Glucose Metabolism MCQ Questions and Answers:
1. Normal morning fasting blood glucose concentration (in mg/100ml):
A. 60～100
B．60～120C
C．70～110
D．80～120
Answer: C
2. Among the sugar metabolism intermediates containing high-energy phosphate bonds are:
A. Glucose 6-phosphate
B. Fructose 6-phosphate
C. Fructose 1,6-diphosphate
D. 1.3-Diphosphoglycerate
Answer: D
3. The oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is related to many vitamins, except:
A. B1
B．B2
C．B6
D．PP
Answer: C
4. The glucose carrier in glycogen synthesis is:
A. ADP
B. GDP
C. CDP
D. UDP
Answer: D
5. Which of the following hormones lowers blood sugar levels?
A．Adrenaline
B. Glucagon
C. Auxin
D. insulin
Answer: D
6. Which of the following enzymes is not involved in the formation of sugars from pyruvate?
A. Fructose bisphosphatase
B. Pyruvate kinase
C. pyruvate carboxylase
D. Aldolase
Answer: B
7. The reasons why muscle glycogenolysis cannot directly replenish blood sugar are:
A. Muscle tissue is the organ that stores glucose
B. Muscle tissue lacks glucokinase
C. Muscle tissue lacks glucose-6-phosphatase]
D. Muscle tissue lacks phosphatase
Answer: C
8. The metabolic intermediates between glucose and glycerol are:
A. Pyruvate
B. 3-phosphoglycerate
C. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
D. Phosphoenolpyruvate
Answer: C
9. How many net ATPs are produced during the glycolysis of molecular glucose?
A．1
B．2
C．3
D．4
Answer: B
10. The strongest allosteric activators of phosphofructokinase are:
A. AMP
B．ADP
C．ATP
D．2,6-diphosphate fructose
Answer: D
11. The steps in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and related respiratory chain reactions that can generate the most ATP are:
A. Citric acid → isocitric acid
B. Isocitrate → α-ketoglutarate
C. α-ketoglutaric acid → succinic acid
D. Succinic acid → malic acid
Answer: C
12. The activity of pyruvate carboxylase can be activated by which of the following substances?
A．Fatty acyl-CoA
B. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
C. isocitric acid
D. Acetyl-CoA
Answer: D
13. Which of the following compounds consumes the most ATP when producing glucose differently:
A. 2 molecules of glycerol
B. 2 molecules of lactic acid
C. 2 molecules of oxaloacetate
D. 2 molecules of succinic acid
Answer: C
14. The compounds located at the junction of the metabolic pathways of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis, and glycogenolysis are:
A. Glucose-1-phosphate
B. Glucose 6-phosphate
C. Fructose 1,6-diphosphate
D. 3-phosphoglycerate
Answer: B
15. Insufficient reduced glutathione in red blood cells can easily cause hemolysis, due to the lack of:
A. Glucose-6-phosphatase
B. Fructose bisphosphatase
C. Phosphofructokinase
D. None of these
Answer: D
16. Which nucleotides are required to synthesize glycogen from glucose:
A. ATP
B．GTP
C．UTP
D．CTP
Answer: AC
17. The important physiological function of the pentose phosphate pathway is to generate:
A. Glucose 6-phosphate
B. NADH+H+
C．NADPH+H+
D．5-ribose-phosphate
Answer: CD
18.1 Molecular acetone enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain oxidation:
A. Generate 3 molecules of CO2
B. Generate 15 ATP
C. There are 5 times of dehydrogenation, all of which enter the respiratory chain through NAOH and oxidize to generate H2O
D. All reactions take place inside the mitochondria
Answer: ABD
19. The irreversible reactions in the tricarboxylic acid cycle are:
A. Acetyl-CoA + oxaloacetate → citric acid
B. Isocitrate → α-ketoglutarate
C. α-ketoglutarate → succinyl-CoA
D. Succinyl-CoA → succinate
Answer: ABC
20. The key enzymes in the gluconeogenesis pathway are:
A. Pyruvate carboxylase
B. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
C. Phosphoglycerokinase
D. Phosphobisphosphatase
Answer: ABD
21. Carbohydrate metabolism pathways that are carried out only in the cytosol are:
A. Glycolysis
B. Gluconeogenesis
C. Pentose phosphate pathway
D. tricarboxylic acid cycle
Answer: AC
22. The raw materials for gluconeogenesis are:
A. Lactic acid
B．Glycerin
C．some amino acids
D. Pyruvate
Answer: ABCD
23. The cofactors of the pyruvate dehydrogenase system are:
A. FAD
B．TPP
C．NAD+
D．CoAs
Answer: ABCD
24. Hormones that raise blood sugar levels include:
A. auxin
B. Adrenaline
C. Insulin
D．parathyroid hormone
Answer: AB
25. In the aerobic oxidation of glucose, the high-energy compounds directly generated by substrate-level phosphorylation are:
A. ATP
B．GTP
C．UTP
D．CTP
Answer: AB
26. Point out the following correct statements about the effects of insulin on glucose metabolism:
A. Stimulates the production of sugar
B. Stimulates the conversion of sugar to fat
C. Promote the transport of glucose into the cell by the cell membrane carrier
D. Promote glycogen synthesis
Answer: BCD
27. Both anaerobic glycolysis and aerobic oxidation pathways require: A. lactate dehydrogenase
B. 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase
C. Phosphofructokinase
D. Pyruvate dehydrogenase system
Answer: BC
28. The metabolism that can be carried out after glucose enters muscle cells is:
A. Gluconeogenesis
B. Glycogen synthesis
C. Aerobic oxidation
D. Glycolysis
Answer: BCD
29. The liver regulates blood sugar by:
A. Gluconeogenesis
B. Aerobic oxidation of sugar
C. Glycogen breakdown
D. Glycogen synthesis
Answer: ACD
30. The roles of succinyl-CoA in metabolism are:
A. It is a raw material for gluconeogenesis
B. It is an energy-supply substance phosphorylated at the substrate level in the tricarboxylic acid cycle
C. Oxidation for energy
D. Participate in ketone body oxidation
Answer: ABCD
31. Which of the following enzymes are not involved in galactose metabolism?
A. Galactokinase
B. Glucokinase
C. Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase
D. UDP-Galactose 4- epimerase
Answer: B
32. Which of the following glucose transporters are important in fructose transport in the intestine?
A. GLUT5
B. GLUT3
C. GLUT4
D. GLUT7
Answer: A
33. Which of the following enzymes leads to a glycogen storage disease known as Tarui’s disease?
A. Glucokinase
B. Pyruvate Kinase
C. Phosphofructokinase
D. Phosphoglucomutase
Answer: C
34. The glycerol phosphate shuttle functions in___________.
A. Lipid catabolism
B. Triglyceride synthesis
C. Anaerobic glycolysis for the regeneration of NAD
D. Aerobic glycolysis to transport NADH equivalents resulting from glycolysis into mitochondria.
Answer: D
35. Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose and increases the uptake of glucose in various tissues like skeletal muscle, and adipose tissues?
A. Insulin
B. Cortisol
C. Glucagon
D. Epinephrine
Answer: A
36. What is the net gain of ATP during the conversion of glucose to pyruvate?
A.2 ATP
B. 4 ATP
C. 6 ATP
D. 1 ATP +1 GTP
Answer: A
37. In muscles, the pyruvate is converted into lactate. Find the correct statement
A. During lactate formation, NADH is reconverted into NAD
B. During the product of lactate two ATP are produced
C. Lactate is the substrate from the downstream pathway
D. Lactate acts as the substrate for the formation of amino acid
Answer: A
38. A steroid hormone which regulates glucose metabolism is-
A. Cortisol
B. Cortisone
C. 11-deoxycorticosterone
D. Corticosterone
Answer: A
Fill in the Blank Question
1. The key enzyme for glycogen synthesis is ________; the key for glycogen breakdown is ____________.
Answer: Glycogen synthase, phosphorylase
2. The two enzymes in glycolysis that catalyze substrate-level phosphorylation are ________ and _________.
Answer: Phosphoglycerate kinase, Pyruvate kinase
3. The key enzymes in the glycolytic pathway are _________, ________, and pyruvate kinase.
Answer: Hexokinase (glucokinase), Phosphofructokinase
4. The pyruvate dehydrogenase system consists of pyruvate dehydrogenase, ___________, and _________.
Answer: Lipoic acid acetyltransferase, dihydrolipoic acid deoxygenase
5. There are ___________ dehydrogenation and __________ decarboxylation reactions in the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
Answer: 4, 2
6. _________ is the most important organ in gluconeogenesis, and ______________ also has the ability of gluconeogenesis.
Answer: Liver and kidney
7. The main key enzyme in the Krebs cycle is _________;
Answer: Isocitrate dehydrogenase
8. One glucose molecule can generate ________ ATP through glycolysis; one glucose residue in glycogen can generate ____________ ATP through glycolysis.
Answer: 2, 3