Most Important topics for NEET 2021 | Biology | Chemistry | physics
Your value doesn’t decrease based on someone’s inability to see your worth… Start where you are… Use what you have… Do what you can…
Dream Big… Work Hard…..
NEET entrance exam is the most prestigious and recognized national level exam at present for any young aspirant who wants to qualify NEET or & Other Exams. With the main ingredients being an intense dedication and properly channelized guidance, clearing this exam also requires a pinch of passion, positive attitude, and smart work.
But let’s face the truth. Biology, Chemistry & Physics being a broader term have many subjects and topics under it. Not to scare you, but it does have a HUGE syllabus.
It is indeed a tough nut to crack!
Worry not! Your very own study resource, ybstudy, lists out for you a simplified version of the syllabus, to help you understand the most important topics for NEET preparation.
What actually makes NEET exam so challenging is the dynamic nature of the question paper, where no questions are repeated, and hence it is also impossible to predict the topic and a corresponding number of questions in the next exam. Also, another difficult aspect of the exam is the requirement of in-depth knowledge of topics, testing the candidate’s real conceptual level in Part C questions, sometimes even with questions combining concepts from 2-3 different units. Hence, choosing which units to prepare becomes a daunting task.
Here is the list of important chapters for NEET UG with the percentage of questions asked in the NEET Exam from that topic. This can help the candidates to be a step ahead with the preparation.
Class 11 : Biology syllabus
Unit I. Diversity of Living Organisms (14%)
Chapter-1: The Living World :
You can prepare for living, diversity, taxonomic categories, taxonomical aids,
Chapter-2: Biological Classification :
Classification of organisms, kingdom monera, kingdom fungi, kingdom animalia, viruses, viroids, linches,
Chapter-3: Plant Kingdom : Algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, plant life cycle, alterations of generations.
Chapter-4: Animal Kingdom : basis of classification, animal classification, symmetry,
Unit II. Structural Organisation in Plants & Animals (5%)
Chapter-5: Morphology of Flowering Plants : Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flowers, fruits, seed, typical flowering plants, some important families, modifications of root, stem, leaf etc.
Chapter-6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants : tissue, tissue system, anatomy of dicotyledons, anatomy of monocotyledons, secondary growth,meristem, cambium, morphology, anatomy.
Chapter-7: Structural Organisation in Animals : Animal tissue, organ, organ system, earthworm, cockroach, frog’s, anatomy, morphology.
Unit III. Cell: Structure and Function (9%)
Chapter 8: Cell-The Unit of Life : cell, cell theory’s, overview of cells, prokaryotic cell, Eukaryotic cells, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum.
Chapter-9: Biomolecules : chemical composition, structure, functions, role, primary and secondary metabolite, proteins, polypeptides, carbohydrates, vitamins, macromolecules, micromolecules, structure of proteins, nucleic acids, Nature of bonds, metabolism, living state, enzymes.
Chapter-10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division :cell cycle, M phase, significance of mitosis, meiosis, cytokinesis, karyokinesis.
Unit IV. Plant Physiology (6%)
Chapter-11: Transport in Plants
Chapter-12: Mineral Nutrition
Chapter-13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
Chapter-14: Respiration in Plants
Chapter-15: Plant – Growth and Development
Unit V. Human Physiology 20%
Chapter-16: Digestion and Absorption.
Chapter-17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases.
Chapter-18: Body Fluids and Circulation
Chapter-19: Excretory Products and Their Elimination.
Chapter-20: Locomotion and Movement
Chapter-21: Neural Control and Coordination.
Chapter-22: Chemical Coordination and Integration.
Class 12 biology syllabus
UNIT I: Reproduction
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events-Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.
Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).
Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies — IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).
UNIT II: Genetics and Evolution (18%) :
Heredity and variation:
Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.
Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation-Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA finger printing.
Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution;Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.
UNIT III: Biology and Human Welfare (9%) :
Health and Disease;
Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse.
Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry.
Microbes in human welfare:
In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.
UNIT IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications Principles and process of Biotechnology(4%) :
Genetic engineering. Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues-Biopiracy and patents.
UNIT V: Ecology and environment (6%) :
Organisms and environment:
Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow;
Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; Nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorous); Ecological succession; Ecological Services-Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release.
Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries.
Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warning; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues.
Class 11 physics syllabus
Unit 1 – Physical world and measurement ( 2%) :
scope and excitement; nature of physical laws; physics, technology and society, Need for measurement – units of measurement; systems of units; SI units, fundamental and derived units. Length, mass and time measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments; errors in measurement; significant figures, Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis.
Unit 2 – Kinematics ( 3%) :
Frame of reference, motion in a straight line; position-time graph, speed and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity. Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time and position-time graphs for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment)
Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing motion. Scalar and vector quantities: Position and displacement vectors, general vectors, general vectors and notation, equality of vectors, multiplication of vectors by a real number; addition and subtraction of vectors. Relative velocity
Unit vectors. Resolution of a vector in a plane-rectangular components
Scalar and vector products of vectors. Motion in a plane. Cases of uniform velocity and uniform acceleration – projectile motion. Uniform circular motion.
Unit 3 – Laws of Motion ( 3%) :
Intuitive concept of force. Inertia, Newton’s first law of motion; momentum and Newton’s second law of motion; impulse; Newton’s third law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications.
Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction, lubrication.
Dynamics of uniform circular motion. Centripetal force, examples of circular motion (vehicle on level circular road, vehicle on banked road)
Unit 4 – Work, Energy and Power ( 4%) :
Word done by a constant force and variable force; kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power. Notion of potential energy, potential energy of a spring, conservative forces; conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies); non-conservative forces; motion in a vertical circle, elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
Unit 5 – Motion of systems of particles and rigid body ( 5%) :
Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conservation and centre of mass motion. Centre of mass of a rigid; Centre of mass of uniform rod,
Momentum of a force – torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum with some examples,
Equillibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equation of rotational motion, comparision of linear and rotational motions; moment of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of M.I. for simple geometrical objects (no derivation). Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications
Unit 6 – Gravitation (2%) :
Kepler’s law of planetary motion. The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth
Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, orbital velocity of a satellite. Geostationary satellites
Unit 7 – Properties of Bulk matter (3%) :
Elastic behaviour, stress-strain relationship. Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear, modulus of rigidity, poisson’s ratio; elastic energy
Viscosity, Stoke’s law, terminal velocity, Reynold’s number, streamline and turbulent flow. Critical velocity, Bernoulli’s theorem.
Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases. Anomalous expansion. Specific heat of capacity:Cp, Cv-calorimetry; change of state-latent heat.
Heat transfer – conduction and thermal conductivity, convection and radiation. Qualitative ideas of Black body radiation. Wein’s displacement law, and green house effect. Newton’s law of cooling and Stefan’s law
Unit 9 – Behaviour of perfect gas and kinetic theory (3%) :
Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas
Kinetic theory of gases: Assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy (Statement only) and application to specific heat capacities of gases; concept of mean free path
Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave motion. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics. Beats. Doppler effect.
Class 12 Physics syllabus :
Unit 1 – Electrostatics (9%) :
Electric charges and their conservation. Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution
Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole; torque,
Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet,
Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges: equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipoles in an electrostatic field Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of
Unit 2 – Current electricity (8%) :
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity and mobility, and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity
Carbon resistors, colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance, Kirchoff’s laws and simple applications. Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge, Potentiometer-principle and applications to measure potential difference and for comparing emf of two cells; measurement of internal resistance of a cell
Unit 3 – Magnetic effects of current and magnetism (5%) :
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment. Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop
Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors – definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer – its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter, Para -, dia-and ferro-magnetic substances, with examples.
Unit 4 – Electromagnetic induction and alternating current (8%) :
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and current; Lenz’s law, eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance
Alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, wattles current
Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only). Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, micro waves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.
Unit 6 – Optics (3%) :
Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens-maker’s formula. Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact combination of a lens and a mirror. Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism
Scattering of light – blue color of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset
Optical instruments: Human eye, image formation and accommodation, correction of eye defects (myopia and hyper myopia) using lenses
Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.
Wave optics: Wavefront and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts
Unit 7 – Dual nature of matter and radiation (6%) :
Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation – particle nature of light
Matter waves – wave nature of particles, deBrogile relation. Davisson-Germer experiment (experimental details should be omitted; only conclusion should be explained)
Unit 8 – Atoms and nuclei (3%) :
Alpha – particle scattering experiments; Rutherford’s model fo atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones
Radioactivity – alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties decay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect, nuclear fission and fusion
Unit 9 – Electronic devices (9%) :
Class 11 : chemistry syllabus
I. Basic Concepts of Chemistry (1%) :
Atomic and molecular masses. Mole concept and molar mass; percentage composition and empirical and molecular formula; chemical reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry
II. Structure of Atom (2%) :
Atomic number, isotopes and isobars. Concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of orbital, quantum numbers, shapes of s,p, and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals – Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principles and Hund’s rule.
III. Classification of Elements & Periodicity in Properties (2%) :
Modern periodic law and long term form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements – atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, election gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valence
IV. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure (5%) :
ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of molecules, VSEPR theory, concept of hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory.
V. States of Matter: Gases and Liquids (2%) :
Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points, Boyle’s law, Charle’s Law, Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law, ideal behaviour of gases, empirical derivation of gas equation. Avogadro number, ideal gas equation.deviation from ideal behaviour, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature
Liquid state – Vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations)
VI. Thermodynamics (8%) :
First law of thermodynamics – internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of U and H, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of: bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, Second law of thermodynamics, Gibbs energy for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process, criteria for equilibrium and spontaneity.
VII. Equilibrium (6%) :
Equilibrium in Physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium Le Chatelier’s principle, ionic equilibrium – ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, ionization of polybasic acids, acid strength, concept of pH., Hydrolysis of salts(elementary idea).
VIII. Redox Reactions (3%) :
Concept of oxidation and oxidation and reduction, redox reactions oxidation number, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of electron and change in oxidation numbers.
IX. Hydrogen (3%) :
Occurrence, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen, hydrides-ionic, covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water; hydrogen peroxide-preparation, reactions, uses and structure
X. s-Block Elements (2%) :
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship, trends in the chemical reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens, Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen carbonate, biological importance of sodium and potassium
XI. Some p-Block Elements (2%) :
Group 13 & 14 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalous properties of first element of the group, Boron, some important compounds: borax, boric acids, boron hydrides. Aluminium: uses, reactions with acids and alkalies Important compounds of silicon and a few uses: silicon tetrachloride, silicones, silicates and zeolites, their uses
XII. Organic Chemistry: Basic Principles & Techniques (4%) :
General introduction, methods of purification qualitative and quantitative analysis, Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyperconjugation.
Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radials, carbocations, carbanions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions
XIII. Hydrocarbons (3%) :
Alkanes – Nomenclature, isomerism, conformations (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis
Alkenes – Nomenclature, structure of double bond(ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation: chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition
Alkynes – Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions:acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of – hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water
Aromatic hydrocarbons – introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, Benzene; resonance, aromaticity, chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution – Nitration sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in mono-substituted benzene; carcinogenicity and toxicity.
XIV. Environmental Chemistry (2%) :
Environmental pollution – Air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in atmosphere, smogs, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain ozone and its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer, green house effect and global warming- pollution due to industrial wastes; green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategy for control of environmental pollution.
Class 12 Chemistry syllabus :
I. Solid State (2%) :
Classification of soilds based on different binding forces; molecular, ionic covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic properties, Band theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and insulators.
II. Solutions (5%) :
Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of soilds in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, soild solutions, colligative properties – relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s law, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties abnormal molecular mass. Van Hoff factor.
III. Electrochemistry (2%) :
Redox reactions, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity variation of conductivity with concentration, kohlrausch’s law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis(elementary idea), dry-cell-electrolytic cells and galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, fuel cells; corrosion
IV. Chemical Kinetics (3%) :
Rate of a reaction(average and instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction; concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half life(only for zero and first order reactions); concept of collision theory(elementary idea, no mathematical treatment). Activation energy, Arrhenious equation.
V. Surface Chemistry (2%) :
Adsorption – physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids, catalysis homogenous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity:enzyme catalysis; colloidal state: distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions; lyophilic, lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation; emulsions – types of emulsions
VI. solation of Elements (2%) :
Principles and methods of extraction – concentration, oxidation, reduction electrolytic methods and refining; occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron
VII. p-Block Elements (5%) :
Group 15, 16, 17 and 18 elements – general introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties; preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen(Structure only); Phosphorous-allotropic forms; compounds of phosphorus: preparation and properties of phosphine, halides (PCl3, PCl5) and oxoacids (elementary idea only)
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, uses
VIII. d- and f-Block Elements (4%) :
General introduction, electronic configuration, characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds.
Lanthanoids – electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences
Actinoids – electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids
IX. Coordination Compounds (9%) :
Coordination compounds – Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, isomerism (structural and stereo) bonding, Werner’s theory VBT,CFT; importance of coordination compounds
X. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes (3%) :
Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions. Optical rotation
Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for monosubstituted compounds only)
Uses and environment effects of – dichloromethane, tri chloromethane, tetra chloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT
XI. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers (4%) :
Alcohols – Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only); identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol
Phenol – Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols
Ethers – Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties uses.
XII. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids (4%) :
Aldehydes and Ketones – Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; and mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; uses.
Carboxylic acids: nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses
XIII. Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen (2%) :
Amines – nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary secondary and tertiary amines
Cyanides and Isocyanides – will be mentioned at relevant places
Diazonium salts – preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry
XIV. Biomolecules (3%) :
Carbohydrates – classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharide(glucose and fructose), D.L. configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (Starch, cellulose, glycogen): importance
Proteins – elementary idea of – amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure
Hormones – Elementary idea (excluding structure)
Vitamins – classification and function
Nucleic acids – DNA and RNA
XV. Polymers (3%) :
Classification – natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation), copolymerization. Some important polymers: natural and synthetic like polyesters, Bakelite; rubber, biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers.
XVI. Chemistry in Everyday Life.
Chemicals in medicines – analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines.
Chemicals in food – preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants
Cleansing agents – soaps and detergents, cleansing action
Now, what do you really get after struggling so much, to prepare for this herculean NEET syllabus? Sacrificing leisure time fun activities, spending sleepless nights, missing out on those festival and family celebrations?
Well, we all have heard about the raised in seats of MBBS, haven’t we? What a wonderful motivating reason to enter the exciting and beautiful world of research, right? And besides, that sense of achievement, when you get to see your roll no in the qualified list, is one of the best feelings ever, trust us! Your near and dear ones will be so proud of you!
So what are you waiting for? Get everything that you need to get started, and gear up your preparation from today itself! No excuses.