NEET Biology Most Important Topics | Important Chapters for NEET
Class 11 : Biology syllabus
Unit I. Diversity of Living Organisms (14%)
Chapter-1: The Living World :
You can prepare for living, diversity, taxonomic categories, taxonomical aids,
Chapter-2: Biological Classification :
Classification of organisms, kingdom monera, kingdom fungi, kingdom animalia, viruses, viroids, linches,
Chapter-3: Plant Kingdom : Algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, plant life cycle, alterations of generations.
Chapter-4: Animal Kingdom : basis of classification, animal classification, symmetry,
Unit II. Structural Organisation in Plants & Animals (5%)
Chapter-5: Morphology of Flowering Plants : Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flowers, fruits, seed, typical flowering plants, some important families, modifications of root, stem, leaf etc.
Chapter-6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants : tissue, tissue system, anatomy of dicotyledons, anatomy of monocotyledons, secondary growth,meristem, cambium, morphology, anatomy.
Chapter-7: Structural Organisation in Animals : Animal tissue, organ, organ system, earthworm, cockroach, frog’s, anatomy, morphology.
Unit III. Cell: Structure and Function (9%)
Chapter 8: Cell-The Unit of Life : cell, cell theory’s, overview of cells, prokaryotic cell, Eukaryotic cells, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum.
Chapter-9: Biomolecules : chemical composition, structure, functions, role, primary and secondary metabolite, proteins, polypeptides, carbohydrates, vitamins, macromolecules, micromolecules, structure of proteins, nucleic acids, Nature of bonds, metabolism, living state, enzymes.
Chapter-10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division :cell cycle, M phase, significance of mitosis, meiosis, cytokinesis, karyokinesis.
Unit IV. Plant Physiology (6%)
Chapter-11: Transport in Plants
Chapter-12: Mineral Nutrition
Chapter-13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
Chapter-14: Respiration in Plants
Chapter-15: Plant – Growth and Development
Unit V. Human Physiology 20%
Chapter-16: Digestion and Absorption.
Chapter-17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases.
Chapter-18: Body Fluids and Circulation
Chapter-19: Excretory Products and Their Elimination.
Chapter-20: Locomotion and Movement
Chapter-21: Neural Control and Coordination.
Chapter-22: Chemical Coordination and Integration.
Class 12 biology syllabus
UNIT I: Reproduction
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events-Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.
Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).
Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies — IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).
UNIT II: Genetics and Evolution (18%) :
Heredity and variation:
Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.
Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation-Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA finger printing.
Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution;Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.
UNIT III: Biology and Human Welfare (9%) :
Health and Disease;
Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse.
Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry.
Microbes in human welfare:
In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.
UNIT IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications Principles and process of Biotechnology(4%) :
Genetic engineering. Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues-Biopiracy and patents.
UNIT V: Ecology and environment (6%) :
Organisms and environment:
Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow;
Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; Nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorous); Ecological succession; Ecological Services-Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release.
Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries.
Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warning; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues.
NEET is an examination for National level. Besides the clear concepts, it also demands in-depth knowledge of the subject. For that, you should refer to good books. This will help you with clearing concepts as well as will make you more knowledgeable. Also, you can refer to YB study material which covers the whole syllabus with interactive design and allows you to practice questions.
Once these indispensable resources are acquired, then shift to subject study. What you must study and where you must study from have already been discussed. Next thing that needs focus is how to study. Here again, you need to execute the following plan for the best utilization of time as well as grasping the topics