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Important points to Remember : 

Refraction of Light Class 10 Question and Answers Maharashtra board  : 

b. The change in direction of light rays while going from one medium to another is called refraction.

Question 2: Prove the following statements.

Let μ

μ be the refractive index of the glass slab.  Then, according to Snell’s law,

sin isin r1=μ

sin is in r1=μ    …..(i)

sin r2sin e=1μ

sin r2 sin e=1μ   …..(ii)

But, r1 = r2   …..(iii)

Putting (iii) in (i), we have

sin isin r2=μ

sin is in r2=μ   …..(iv)

Multiplying (i) and (iv), we have

sin isin e=1ori=e

sin is in e=1 ori=e 

b. A raibow is the combined effect of the refraction, dispersion, and total internal reflection of light.

Answer :

1. After rainfall, the tiny droplets of water present in the atmosphere act as a prism for the rays coming from the Sun.
2. Thus, the sunlight after striking the surface of the droplets gets refracted and dispersed into its seven components as shown in the figure (figure showing just two components).
3. After this, the light rays are subjected to total internal reflection. Then the rays are again refracted when they come out of the water droplet. Hence, rainbow formation is the combined effect of the refraction, dispersion, and total internal reflection of light.

Question 3: Mark the correct answer in the following questions.

Answer  : Stars twinkle because their light must pass through pockets of Earth’s atmosphere. Atmospheric air has changing refractive index at various altitude.
Starlight continuously travel from rarer medium to denser medium. Hence it continuously bends towards the normal.
Refractive index of air medium gradually increase with a decrease in altitude.
The continuous bending of starlight towards the normal results in a slight rise of the apparent positions of the star.

B. We can see the Sun even when it is little below the horizon because of
i. Reflection of light
ii. Refraction of light
iii. Dispersion of light
iv. Absorption of light

Answer :

1. We can see the Sun even when it is little below the horizon because of refraction of light.
2. Refraction is the bending of light as it   passes from one transparent substance into another.
3. When we see the sun, the light is actually refracted from atmosphere due to change in air density.
4. Therefore, even when the sun is little below horizon, it can be seen in sky.

C. If the refractive index of glass with respect to air is 3/2, what is the refractive index of air with respect to glass?
a. 1/2      
b. 3
c. 1/3      
d. 2/3

Answer : D

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