Class 11 Biology chapter 15 Excretion and Osmoregulation Solutions
Maharashtra State Board Biology Textbook Solutions for Class 11 are a crucial resource for students aiming to excel in both academic and competitive exams. These solutions help simplify complex topics, enabling students to grasp fundamental concepts with ease. Particularly, Class 11 Biology chapter 15 Excretion and Osmoregulation Solutions is a vital chapter that covers essential biological processes. To support your studies, we provide Excretion and Osmoregulation Class 11 PDF solutions, which offer detailed, step-by-step explanations tailored to the Maharashtra State Board syllabus.
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Class 11 Biology chapter 15 Excretion and Osmoregulation Solutions
These free Class 11 Biology chapter 15 Excretion and Osmoregulation Solutions are not just homework help, but a reliable study companion to build strong foundational knowledge. Access the complete Excretion and Osmoregulation Class 11 PDF State Board solution set now and take the next step toward academic success with confidence.
1. Choose Correct Option
A. Which one of the following organisms would spend maximum energy in production of nitrogenous waste?
a. Polar bear
b. Flamingo
c. Frog
d. Shark
B. In human beings, uric acid is formed due to metabolism of __________.
a. amino acids
b. fatty acids
c. creatinine
d. nucleic acids
C. Visceral layer : Podocytes :: PCT : _______
a. Cilliated cells
b. Squamous cells
c. Columnar cells
d. Cells with brush border
D. Deproteinised plasma is found in __________.
a. Bowman’s capsule
b. Descending limb
c. Glomerular capillaries
d. Ascending limb
E. Specific gravity of urine would _______ if level of ADH increases.
a. remain unaffected
b. increases
c. decreases
d. stabilise
F. What is micturition?
a. Urination
b. Urine formation
c. Uremia
c. Urolithiasis
G. Which one of the following organisms excrete waste through nephridia?
a. Cockroach
b. Earthworm
c. Crab
d. Liver Fluke
H. Person suffering from kidney stone is advised not to have tomatoes as it has _______.
a. seeds
b. lycopene
c. oxalic acid
d. sour taste
I. Tubular secretion does not take place in ________.
a. DCT
b. PCT
d. collecting duct
d. Henle’s loop
J. The minor calyx ____________.
a. collects urine
b. connects pelvis to ureter
c. is present in the cortex
d. receives column of Bertini
K. Which one of the followings is not a part of human kidney?
a. Malpighian body
b. Malpighian tubule
c. Glomerulus
d. Loop of Henle
L. The yellow colour of the urine is due to presence of ___________
a. uric acid
b. cholesterol
c. urochrome
d. urea
M. Hypotonic filtrate is formed in _______
a. PCT
b. DCT
c. LoH
d. CT
N. In reptiles, uric acid is stored in _____
a. cloaca
b. fat bodies
c. liver
d. anus
O. The part of nephron which absorbs glucose and amino acid is______
a. collecting tubule
b. proximal tubule
c. Henle’s loop
d. DCT
P. Bowman’s capsule is located in kidney in the ________
a. cortex
b. medulla
c. pelvis
d. pyramids
Q. The snakes living in desert are mainly__________
a. aminotelic
b. ureotelic
c. ammonotelic
d. uricotelic
R. Urea is a product of breakdown of___________
a. fatty acids
b. amino acids
c. glucose
d. fats
S. Volume of the urine is regulated by__________
a. aldosterone
b. ADH
c. both a and b
d. none
2. Answer the Following Questions
A. Doctors say Mr. Shaikh is suffering from urolithiasis. How it could be explained in simple words?
Answer:
- Mr. shaikh is suffering from urolithiasis which is commonly called as Stones in Kidneys or bladder Or Urethra.
- Kidney stones are a typical reason for blood in the pee and agony in the belly, flank, or crotch.
- Kidney stones happen in 1 out of 20 individuals sooner or later in their life.
- The improvement of the stones is identified with diminished pee volume or expanded discharge of stone-framing segments, for example, calcium, oxalate, urate, cystine, xanthine, and phosphate.
B. Anitaji needs to micturate several times and feels very thirsty. This is an
indication of change in permeability of certain part of nephron. Which is this part?
Answer: It is the ascending limb of loop of Henle. It is present in the kidney and helps in the purification of water. Explanation: The loop of Henle acts as a semipermeable membrane through which the water and the waste are separated.
C. Effective filtration pressure was calculated to be 20 mm Hg; where glomerular hydrostatic pressure was 70 mm of Hg. Which other pressure is affecting the filtration process? How much is it?
Answer : BCOP = 30mm Hg and CHP = 20 mm Hg affect the filtration process.
BCOP= Blood colloidal osmotic pressure
CHP= Capsular hydrostatic pressure
Explanation: Effective filteration pressure = GHP – ( BCOP – CHP)
EFP = 70-(30+20)
EFP =20.
D. Name any one guanotelic organism.
Answer: spider, scorpion are the example of guanotelic organisms.
E. Why are kidneys called ‘retroperitoneal’?
Answer: The left kidney sits a bit higher in the body because of the size of the liver, which is also on the right side. The kidneys are considered “retroperitoneal” organs, which means they sit behind a lining in the abdominal cavity, unlike all other abdominal organs.
F. State role of liver in urea production.
Answer: Urea is the end product of protein metabolism. Amino acid catabolism results in waste ammonia. The urea produced by the liver is then released into the bloodstream where it travels to the kidneys and is ultimately excreted in urine which generally accounts for 80 to 90% of the nitrogen containing substances
G. Why do we get bad breath after eating
garlic or raw onion?
Answer : Sulfur compounds give foods their distinctive flavor. They also release distinctive gasses when cut or mashed, and mingle with gas-emitting bacteria, causing a certain scented breath. Garlic and onion can continue to cause bad breath for hours after eating.
3. Answer the Following Questions
A. John has two options as treatment for his renal problem : Dialysis or kidney transplants. Which option should he choose? Why?
Answer: He should choose kidney transplant as dialysis could me very dangerous and it’s related to renel problem.
B. Amphibian tadpole can afford to be ammonotelic. Justify.
Answer: Amphibians can survive both in land and water and the adult amphibian, which is mostly terrestrial, secretes urea as a waste product and is ureotelic. The tadpoles of the amphibians are mostly aquatic, hence, the nitrogenous waste contains soluble ammonia and they are referred to as ammonotelic.
C. Birds are uricotelic in nature. Give reason.
Answer: Birds are called uricotelic as they excrete nitrogenous waste materials by turning it into uric acid. Thus they are called as uricotelic animals. Explanation: Birds and reptiles are capable of turning the nitrogenous waste products into uric acid as nitrogen is produced by breaking down of protein rich food.
4. Write the Explanation in Your Word
A. Nitya has been admitted to hospital after heavy blood loss. Till proper treatment could be given; how did Nitya’s body must have tackled the situation?
Answer :
- In case of heavy blood loss till proper treatment could be given in nitya’s body manages in the following ways:
- At the point when the circulatory strain or blood pressure drops, the body attempts to repay by vasoconstricting and expanding the pulse.
- These are ways the body attempts to make the pulse higher.
- In the event that the blood loss proceeds, the pulse will become lower, which implies the body’s normal reaction to repay is fizzling.