MCQ on Meiosis: 

• Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes.
• Meiosis is the process in which a single cell divides twice to form four haploid daughter cells.
• The term meiosis, derived from the Greek word for “lessening” was coined in 1905 by Farmer and Moore.
• Meiosis occurs in reproductive cells such as gametes – sperm in males and eggs in females.
• The final product of meiosis: is four haploid cells in which each chromosome has just one chromatid.
• The major purpose of mitosis is for growth and to replace worn-out cells.
• Meiosis is important because it ensures that all organisms produced via sexual reproduction contain the correct number of chromosomes.
• Meiosis also produces genetic variation by way of the process of recombination.

Multiple Choice Questions on Meiosis: 

1. What happens in meiosis?

A. Meiosis is a mechanism in which a single cell divides twice to produce four cells that contain half of the original amount of genetic data.

B. Homologous chromosome association occurs before chromosome duplication

C. In the tetrad stage, the number of chromosomes is equal to the number of DNA molecules

D. None of these

Answer: A

2. Who coined the term meiosis?

A. Robertson

B. Blackman

C. Flemming

D. Farmer and Moore

Answer: D

3. During meiosis, (sister) chromatid separation occurs at_______

A. meiotic interphase

b. When a tetrad is formed

C. The first division of meiosis

D. meiotic second division

Answer: D

4. How many cells are formed at the end of meiosis I?

A. 2 haploid cells

B. 4 diploid cells

C. 2 diploid cells

D. 4 haploid cells

Answer: C

5. The meiotic division takes place in________

A. Meristematic cells

B. Conductive cells

C. Reproductive cells

D. Vegetative cells

Answer: C

6. Compared with mitosis, what is unique to meiosis is_________

A. Replication of DNA molecules

B. Splitting of centromeres

C. Chromatin forms chromosomes

D. tetrad formation

Answer: D

7. Synapsis takes place between________

A. Spindle fiber and centromere

B. mRNA and ribosomes

C.a female and a male gamete

D. Two homologous chromosomes

Answer: D

8. When you observe cells with a microscope, you find that there are 8 chromosomes of different shapes and sizes in a cell, and they are arranged on the equatorial plate. Do you think this cell is in the______

A. Metaphase

B. Metaphase of the second meiotic division

C. Metaphase of the first meiotic division

D. anaphase of mitosis

Answer: B

9. Meiosis I is reductional division and meiosis II is equational division because of_______

A. Separation of chromatids

B. Crossing over

C. The disjunction of homologous chromosomes

D. The pairing of homologous chromosomes

Answer: A

10. The following are the changes in chromosome behavior during meiosis. The correct order of changes is________

① tetrad

② synapsis

③ chromosome duplication

④ chromatid separation

⑤ homologous chromosome separation

A. ①→②→③→④→⑤

B. ②→③→④→①→⑤

C. ③→①→②→⑤→④

D. ③→②→①→⑤→④

Answer: D

11. Which of these processes involve meiosis?

A. Atherogenesis

B. Organogenesis

C. Gametogenesis

D. Embryogenesis

Answer: D

12. Which of the following is not a characteristic of homologous chromosomes________

A. One from the father and one from the mother

B. Shared a centromere during the tetrad period

C. The shape and size are generally the same

D. None of these

Answer: B

13. Meiosis involves one cycle of______

A. DNA replication

B. cytokinesis

C. karyokinesis

D. separation of chromosomes

Answer: A

14. Which of the following statements about the process of meiosis is correct_______

A. Homologous chromosome association occurs before chromosome duplication

B. In the tetrad stage, the number of chromosomes is equal to the number of DNA molecules

C. Crossovers between non-sister chromosomal haploids of homologous chromosomes occur during the tetrad stage

D. Chromatids are not present at synapses, while chromatids are present during tetrads

Answer: C

15. During meiosis, which statement about chromosome duplication is true________

A. Each chromosome forms two sister chromatids, connected by the same centromere

B. Each chromosome forms two sister chromatids, connected by two centromeres

C. Each chromosome forms two homologous chromosomes, connected by the same centromere

D. Duplication results in doubling the number of chromosomes

Answer: A

16. A cell in the human body is undergoing meiosis, and there are 44 euchromatic and 2 X chromosomes, then this cell may be__________

A. Primary spermatocytes or secondary spermatocytes

B. Primary spermatocytes or primary oocytes

C. Secondary spermatocytes or primary oocytes

D. Secondary spermatocytes or egg cells

Answer: C

17. Arrange the phases of prophase I in order.

A. Leptotene → Zygotene → Pachytene → Diplotene

B. Zygotene → Leptotene → Pachytene → Diplotene

C. Leptotene → Pachytene → Zygotene → Diplotene

D. Zygotene → Leptotene → Diplotene → Pachytene

Answer: A

18. The options that appear only during meiosis and not during mitosis are______

A. Interphase DNA replication and associated protein synthesis

B. Sister chromatids separate into two daughter cells

C. Post-synaptic non-sister chromatids undergo partial DNA exchange

D. homologous chromosomes

Answer: C

19. Which of these is true regarding crossing over?

A. Exchange occurs between non-homologous chromosomes

B. It involves recombination of nodules

C. It is not mediated by enzymes

D. It occurs during zygotene

Answer: B

20. Which of the following statements is false regarding interkinesis?

A. It is mostly short-lived.

B. It is followed by prophase II

C. It occurs after telophase I

d) Replication takes place

Answer: D