Class 1 posts :

1. Deputy Collector
2. Deputy Superintendent of Police (DySP)
3. Assistant Commissioner Sales Tax
4. Deputy Registrar Co-operative Societies
5. Deputy Chief Executive Officer
6. Superintendent State Excise Dept.
7. Block Development Officer (BDO) – A
8. Finance, Audit & Accounts Service – Group A
9. Chief Officer, Nagar Palika / Nagar Parishad – A
10. Tahasildar

Class 2 Posts :

1. Block Development Officer (BDO) – B
2. Deputy Superintendent State Excise Dept
3. Finance, Audit & Accounts Service – Group B
4. Nayab Tahasildar
5. Sales tax officer
6. Sales tax inspector
7. some posts in Mantralaya
8. Chief Officer, Nagar Palika / Nagar Parishad – B
9. Sub-registrar Cooperative Societies – B
10. Taluka Inspector of Land Records(TILR)

In the year 2024, MPSC will conduct the following exams

1. MPSC State Services Examination
2. MPSC Civil Judge Junior Division and Judicial Magistrate First Class Competitive Examination
3. Assistant Motor Vehicle Inspector
4. Maharashtra Subordinate Services Group B Combined Exam
5. Maharashtra Forest Services Exam
6. Maharashtra Engineering Services Examination Combined Exam
7. Maharashtra Civil Engineering Services Exam
8. Maharashtra Group C Services Combined Exam
9. Maharashtra Agriculture Services Exam

MPSC Exam Pattern

1. MPSC Preliminary Exam
2. MPSC Main Exam
3. Interview

MPSC Prelims Exam Pattern

1. The preliminary Exam consists of two papers that are Paper 1 and Paper 2.
2. The duration of both the paper will be 2 hours.
3. Both papers contain 400 marks each paper carries 200 marks and it is of Objective.
4. There is a negative marking.

MPSC Mains Exam Pattern

1. GS Paper 1, GS Paper 2, GS Paper 3, and GS Paper 4 are of the Objective type and it contains 150 Marks for each Paper.
2. Compulsory Marathi and Compulsory English are of the descriptive type which contains 100 Marks for each Paper.
3. The total marks for both papers are 800 Marks.
4. There is a negative marking.

MPSC Exam Syllabus

MPSC Prelim Exam Syllabus:

1. Current events of state, national, and international importance.
2. History of India (with special reference to Maharashtra) and Indian National Movement.
3. Maharashtra, India and World Geography – Physical, Social, Economic Geography of Maharashtra, India, and the World.
4. Maharashtra and India – Polity and Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Urban Governance, Public Policy, Rights issues, etc.
5. Economic and Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.
6. General issues on Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity, and Climate Change-that do not require subject specialization.
7. General Science.

Paper II – (200 marks) 

1. Comprehension
2. Interpersonal skills including communication skills.
3. Logical reasoning and analytical ability.
4. Decision-making and problem-solving.
5. General mental ability.
6. Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation(Charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency, etc.- Class X level)
7. Marathi and English Language Comprehension skills (Class X/XII level).

Note:

1. Questions relating to Marathi and English Language Comprehension skills of Class X/XII  level (the last item in the Syllabus of Paper II) will be tested through passages from Marathi and English language without providing cross translation thereof in the question paper.
2. The questions will be of multiple choice, objective type.
3. The candidate must appear in both the Papers of State Services (Prelim) Examination for evaluation. Therefore a candidate will be disqualified in case he/she does not appear in both the papers of the State Services (Prelim) Examination.

MPSC Main Syllabus:

The syllabus for the six papers in the MPSC mains exam is given below.

Paper I – Marathi & English (Essay/Translation/Precis) – Descriptive Paper – 100 marks

• Section 1: Marathi (50 marks)
  Essay writing – An essay on one out of the two given topics/subjects (About 400 words)
  Translation – English paragraph to be translated into Marathi, approximately 1/2 page/2 paragraphs
  Precis writing
• Section 2: English (50 marks)
  Essay writing – An essay on one out of the two given topics/subjects (About 400 words)
  Translation – Marathi paragraph to be translated into English, approximately 1/2 page/2 paragraphs
  Precis writing

Paper-II – Marathi & English (Grammar and Comprehension) – Objective – 100 marks

• Section 1: Marathi (50 marks)
  Grammar – Idioms, Phrases, Synonyms/Antonyms, Correct formation of words and sentences, Punctuation, etc
  Comprehension
• Section 2: English (50 marks)
  Grammar – Idioms, Phrases, Synonyms/Antonyms, Correct formation of words and sentences, Punctuation, etc
  Comprehension

GENERAL STUDIES – I

HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY

• Standard: Degree.
• Total Marks: 150
• Nature of Paper: Objective Type.
• Duration: 2 Hours

Note:

• The Nature and standard of questions in the paper will be such that a well-educated person will be able to answer without any specialized study and it intends to test the candidate’s general awareness of a variety of subjects.
• It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings about the topics/sub-topics mentioned below.

1. HISTORY:

• 1.1 History of Modern India (1818-1857) particularly Maharashtra: Introduction of modern education – Press, Railway, Post and Telegraph, Industries, Land reforms, and Socio-religious reforms – Its impact on society.
• 1.2 Establishment of British Rule in India: Wars against major Indian powers, Policy of subsidiary alliance, Doctrine of Lapse, Structure of British Raj up to 1857.
• 1.3 Socio-Cultural Changes: Contacts with Christian Missions, coming of English education and the Press, Official-social reform measures (1828 to 1857). Socio-religious reform movements: Brahmo Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, Satyashodhak Samaj, Arya Samaj. Reform movements among the Sikhs and the Muslims, Depressed Classes Mission, Non-Brahmin movement, and Justice Party.
• 1.4 Social and economic awakening: Indian Nationalism – 1857 revolt and after, Indian National Congress (1885- 1947), Azad Hind Sena, Role of important personalities, Role of Press and Education in social awakening in pre-independent India.
• 1.5 Emergence and growth of Indian nationalism: Social background, formation of National Associations, Peasant uprisings, the foundation of Indian National Congress, the moderate phase, growth of extremism, Morley-Minto reforms, Home Rule movement, Lucknow pact, Mont-Ford reforms.
• 1.6 National movement in the Gandhi Era: Gandhiji’s leadership and ideology of resistance, Gandhian mass movements, Non-cooperation, Civil Disobedience, individual Satyagraha, and Quit India movement. Satyashodhak Samaj, Gandhiji and removal of untouchability, Dr. B.R.Ambedakar’s approach to the problem of untouchability, Muslim politics, and Freedom movement (Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Aligarh movement, Muslim League and Ali Brothers, Iqbal, Jinnah), Unionist Party and Krishak Praja Party, Politics of Hindu Mahasabha, Communists, and the Indian freedom struggle, Congress Socialist Party, Women in the National movement, States’ Peoples’ movements, Leftist Movement – Peseant Movement – Tribal uprising, Trade Union Movement and Adivasi Movement.
• 1.7 India after Independence: Consequences of Partition, Integration of Princely States, Linguistic Reorganization of States, Nehru’s Policy of Non-alignment. Samyukta Maharashtra movement: major political parties and personalities involved therein, Relations with neighboring countries, India’s role in International Politics. Progress in Agriculture, Industry, Education, Science, and Technology. The emergence of Indira Gandhi’s Leadership, Liberation of Bangladesh, Non-Alignment under Indira Gandhi, Coalition Governments in States; Students’ unrest, Jayaprakash Narayan, and Emergency. Terrorism in Panjab andAssam. Naxalism and Maoism, Environmental Movement, Women’s Movement, and Ethnic Movement.
• 1.8 Selected Social Reformers of Maharashtra– their ideology and work: Gopal Ganesh Agarkar, Mahatma Phule, M.G. Ranade, Prabodhankar Thakare, Maharshi Karve, Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj, Maharshi Vitthal Shinde, Babasaheb Ambedkar, Lokmanya Tilak, Mahatma Gandhi, Vinoba Bhave, Vinayak D. Sawarkar, Annabhau Sathe, Krantiveer Nana Patil, Lahuji Salve, Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil.
• 1.9 Cultural Heritage of Maharashtra (Ancient to Modern): Performing Arts (Dance, Drama, Films, Music and Folk Arts, Lavani, Tamasha, Povada, Bharud, and other folk dances), Visual Arts (Architecture, Painting, and Sculpture) and Festivals. Impact of Literature on Socio-psychological Development of Maharashtra: Bhakti, Dalit, Urban, and Rural Literature.

2. GEOGRAPHY– WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MAHARASHTRA:

• 2.1 Physical Geography: Interior of the Earth- composition and physical conditions. Factors controlling landform development. Concept of geomorphic cycles- landforms associated with fluvial, arid, glacial, and coastal cycles. Evolution and Geomorphology of the Indian Subcontinent- Major physiographic regions – Problems of floods – Physiographic details of Maharashtra. Geomorphic features of Maharashtra. India’sstrategic location with reference to her neighbors, Indian Ocean Rim, Asia, and the World.
• 2.2 Economic Geography of Maharashtra: Minerals and Energy Resources: Their distribution, importance, and development in Maharashtra. Tourism in Maharashtra – Religious Tourism, Medicinal Tourism, EcoTourism, and Cultural Heritage. Reserved forests, Animal sanctuaries, National Parks, and Forts in Maharashtra, Tiger Project.
• 2.3 Human and Social Geography of Maharashtra: Migration of population, causes and effects, sugarcane cutting laborers – effects of migration on source and destination areas. Rural settlements in Maharashtra. Problems of Urban and Rural Settlements – Environmental, Housing, Slum, Water Supply and  Sanitation, Urban Traffic, and Pollution.
• 2.4 Environmental Geography: Ecology and Ecosystem- energy flow, material cycle, food chain, and webs. Environmental degradation and conservation, global ecological imbalances- pollution and Greenhouse effect, the role of CO2 and methane in the greenhouse effect, global warming, reduction in bio-diversity, and depletion of forests. Environmental laws and environmental impact assessment. Kyoto Protocol and Carbon credits. Urban waste management. CRZ I and CRZ II.
• 2.5 Population Geography (with reference to Maharashtra): Causes and consequences of migration. Rural and  Urban settlements- site, situation, types, size, spacing, and morphology. Urbanization- process, and problems.  Rural–Urban Fringe, and sphere of urban influence. Regional imbalances.
• 2.6 Remote Sensing: Concept of remote sensing. Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites. Imageries- IRS  products, MSS bands- blue, green, red, and near-infrared, False Colour Composite (FCC). Application of remote sensing in natural resources. Introduction to Geographical Information System (GIS) and Global  Positioning System (GPS).

3. GEOGRAPHY AND AGRICULTURE:

• 3.1 Agroecology: Agroecology and its relevance to man, natural resources, their sustainable management, and conservation. Physical and social environment as factors of crop distribution and production. Climatic elements as factors of crop growth. Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops, animals, and humans.
• 3.2 Climate: Atmosphere- composition and structure. Solar radiation and heat balance. Weather elements temperature, pressure, planetary and local winds, monsoons, air masses, fronts, and cyclones. Mechanism of the Indian monsoon, monsoon forecast, distribution of rainfall, cyclones, droughts and floods, and climatic regions. Distribution of Rainfall in Maharashtra – spatial and temporal variability – Agroclimatic zones of Maharashtra – Problem of Drought and Scarcity, DPAP (Draught Prone Area Programme) –Water requirement in Agricultural, Industrial and Domestic Sectors. The problem of Drinking Water. Cropping pattern in different agro-climatic zones of Maharashtra. Impact of high-yielding and short-duration varieties on shifts in cropping pattern. Concepts of multiple cropping, and inter-cropping and their importance. Modern concepts of organic farming, and sustainable agriculture.
• 3.3 Soils: Soil-physical, chemical, and biological properties. Processes and factors of soil formation. Mineral and organic constituents of soil and their role in maintaining soil productivity. Essential plant nutrients and other beneficial elements in soils and plants Problem soils and their reclamation methods. Problems of soil erosion and degradation in Maharashtra. Soil conservation planning on a watershed basis. Erosion and runoff management in hilly, foot hills, and valley lands; processes and factors affecting them.
• 3.4 Water management: Present scenario, Methods, and importance of water conservation. Water quality standards. Interlinking of rivers in India. Conventional and non-conventional methods of rainwater harvesting. Groundwater management- technical and social aspects, Methods of artificial groundwater recharge. Concept of watershed and watershed management. Dryland agriculture and its problems. Water use efficiency in relation to crop production, ways and means of reducing run-off losses of irrigation water. Drip and sprinkler irrigation. Drainage of water-logged soils, the effect of industrial effluents on soil and water.

GENERAL STUDIES– II 
INDIAN CONSTITUTION AND INDIAN POLITICS (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MAHARASHTRA) AND LAW:

• Standard: Degree.
• Total Marks:150
• Nature of Paper: Objective Type.
• Duration: 2 Hours

Note:

• The Nature and standard of questions in the paper will be such that a well-educated person will be able to answer without any specialized study and its intention is to test the candidate’s general awareness of a variety of subjects.
• It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub-topics mentioned below.

1. The Constitution of India: Making of the Constitution, Salient Features of the Constitution. Philosophy of the Preamble – (Secular democratic and socialist), Fundamental Rights and Duties – Directive
Principles of State Policy, Free and Compulsory primary education, Uniform Civil Code, and Fundamental Duties. Centre – State Relations and Formation of New States. Independent Judiciary. Amendment Procedure and Major Amendments to the Constitution: Landmark Judgments used for interpreting the Constitution. Structure and Functions of Major Commissions and Boards: Election Commission, Union and State Public Service Commissions, National Women’s Commission, Human Rights Commission, National Minorities S.C./S.T. Commission – River Water Dispute Settlements Board, etc.

2. The Political System (Structure, Powers, and Functions of Governments): Nature of Indian Federation – Union & State- Legislatures, Executive & Judiciary. Union-State Relationship-Administrative, Executive, and Financial Relationships. Distribution of Legislative powers, Subjects.

• The Central Government – The Union Executive: President- Vice-President – Prime Minister and Council of Ministers – Attorney General of India – Comptroller and Auditor General of India
• The Union Legislature – Parliament, Speaker, and Dy. Speaker – Parliamentary Committees – Parliament’s Control over Executive.
• Judiciary: Organisation of Judiciary – Integrated Judiciary – Functions – Role and Power of the Supreme Court and High Court – Subordinate Courts – Lokpal, Lokayukt and Lok Nyayalaya – Judiciary as a watch-dog protecting the Constitutional Order- Judicial Activism, Public Interest, Litigation.

3. State Government and Administration (With Special Reference to Maharashtra) – Formation and Reorganisation of Maharashtra State, Governor, Chief Minister, Council of Ministers, Chief Secretary, State Secretariat, Directorates, Legislative Assembly, Legislative Council, – Powers, Functions, and Role – Legislative Committees. Sherrif of Mumbai.

4. District Administration – Evolution of District Administration, the Changing role of the District Collector: Law and Order, Relationship with functional Departments. District Administration and the Panchayati Raj Institutions. Role and Functions of the Sub-Divisional Officer.

5. Rural and Urban Local Government: Significance of 73rd and 74th Amendments to the Constitution. Empowerment of local government and their role in development.

• Rural Local Government, Composition, Powers, and Functions of Zilla Parishad, Panchayat Samiti, and Gram Panchayat. Peculiarities of Panchayat Raj Institutions of Maharashtra, Status Report of Panchayat Raj Institutions and its Performance Appraisal. Main features of 73rd Constitutional Amendments. Problems of implementation. Major rural development programs and their management.
• Urban Local Government, Composition and Functions of Municipal Corporations, Municipal Councils and Cantonment Boards. Structure, Officials, Resources, Powers- Functions and Controls. Main features of 74th Constitutional Amendments: Problems of implementation. Major urban development programs and their management.

6. Educational System: Directive Principles of State Policy and Education; Educational Problems of Disadvantaged Sections- Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Muslims and Women; Privatization of education – issues of access to education, merit, quality, and social justice; General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and emerging issues, Challenges in Higher Education today. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan.

7. Parties and Pressure Groups: Nature of Party system – Role of National Parties – Ideology, organization, and electoral performance – Political Parties and their Social Bases. Regionalism- Rise of Regional Parties; Ideology, Organisation, and electoral performance – Major Pressure Groups and Interest Groups in Maharashtra – their Role and Impact on Policy Making. Programs of Social Welfare in Maharashtra: Women and Children; Labour; and Youth. Non-Government Organizations and Their Role
in Social Welfare.

8. The Media: Print and Electronic Media – its impact on policy-making, shaping of public opinion and educating the people. Press Council of India. Code of conduct for Mass media in a secular democracy like India. The portrayal of women in the mainstream mass media: Facts and Norms. Freedom of speech and expression, and limitation thereof.

9. The Electoral Process: Main features of the Electoral Process – single member territorial Constituencies. Reserved constituencies for weaker sections – Adult Franchise – Role of Election Commission – General Elections – Major trends – Patterns of Voting behavior – and Factors influencing the voting behavior – Problems and difficulties in conducting Free and Fair Elections – Electoral Reforms. EVMs.

10. Administrative Law: Rule of law. Administrative Discretion and its Control and Judicial Review. Administrative Tribunals, their establishment, and functioning. Principles of Natural Justice.

11. Central and State Government Privileges: Section 123 of the Indian Evidence Act, Official Secrets
Act, RTI and its impact on Official Secrets Act.

12. Some Pertinent Laws:

1. Environmental Protection Act, 1986: Object, Machinery, and Measures provided therein.
2. The Consumer Protection Act, 1986: Definitions – Consumer Disputes – Redressal Machinery.
3. Right to Information Act, 2005: Rights of Applicants, the duty of Public Authority, exceptions to the information.
4. Information Technology Act – 2000 (Cyber Law): Definitions – Authorities – offenses.
5. The Prevention of Corruption Act: Object, Machinery, and Measures provided therein.
6. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989: Object, Machinery, and Measures provided therein.
7. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Rules 1995: Object, Machinery, and Measures provided therein.
8. Protection of Civil Rights Act 1955: Object, Machinery, and Measures provided therein.

13. Social Welfare and Social Legislation: Social Legislation as an Instrument of Social Change; Human Rights. Protection to Women under The Constitution of India and Criminal Law (CrPC), Domestic Violence (Prevention) Act, The Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955, The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, and The Right of Information Act, 2005.

14. Public Services: All India Services, Constitutional position, role, and functions. Central Services: nature and functions. Union Public Service Commission. State Services and the Maharashtra State Public Service Commission. Training in the changing context of governance- YASHDA, Lal Bahadur Shastri Academy of Administration, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy.

15. Control over Public Expenditure: Parliamentary Control, Estimates Committee, Public Accounts Committee, Committee on Public Undertakings, Office of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India, Role of the Finance Ministry in monetary and Fiscal policy, Composition and function of Accountant General, Maharashtra.

GENERAL STUDIES– III 
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (HRD) AND HUMAN RIGHTS:

• Standard: Degree.
• Total Marks: 150
• Nature of Paper: Objective Type.
• Duration: 2 Hours

Note:

• The Nature and standard of questions in the paper will be such that a well-educated person will be able to answer without any specialized study and its intention is to test the candidate’s general awareness of a variety of subjects.
• It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub-topics mentioned below.

1. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
1.1 Human Resource Development in India – Present status of the population in India – quantitative aspect (size and growth – Sex, Age, Urban, and Rural) and qualitative aspects (Education and Healthcare). Population policy and projection up to 2050. Importance and need of Human Resource planning in modern society. Components and factors involved in the planning of Human Resources. Nature, types, and problems of unemployment in India, Trends of Employment in India, Demand estimate of skilled manpower in different Sectors and Areas. Governmental and Voluntary Institutions engaged in the development of manpower e.g. NCERT, NIEPA, UGC, Open Universities, AICTE, NCTE, ITIs, NCVT, IMC, etc. Problems and issues related to HRD. Govt. employment policy, various schemes to reduce unemployment and underemployment.

1.2 Education: Education as a tool of HR development and social change. Education (Pre-primary to Higher Education) system in India. Problems and issues (Universalisation of education, vocationalisation of education, Quality improvement, Dropout rate, etc.) Education for Girls, Socially and Economically underprivileged classes, Handicapped, Minorities, Talent Search, etc. Govt. policies,
Schemes and programs for Education. Govt. and Voluntary Agencies involved in promoting, regulating, and monitoring Formal, Non-formal, and Adult education. e-Learning. Impact of globalization and privatization on Indian education. National Knowledge Commission, National
Commission for Higher Education and Research, IITs, IIMs, NITs.

1.3 Vocational Education: As a tool of HR development. Vocational/Technical Education- Present status, systems, and training in India particularly in Maharashtra. Govt. policies, schemes, and programs – Problems, issues, and efforts to overcome them. Institutes involved in promoting, regulating, and accrediting vocational and Technical Education.

1.4 Health: As an essential and major component of HRD, Vital Statistics, World Health Organisation (WHO) – objectives, structure, functions, and its programs. Govt. Health policies, schemes, and programmes, Healthcare system in India. Problems and issues related to Healthcare and efforts to overcome them. Janani-Bal Suraksha Yojana. National Rural Health Mission.

1.5 Rural Development: Empowerment of panchayat Raj system. Village Panchayat and its role in Rural development, Land reforms, and development, Role of cooperative institutes in Rural Development, Financial Institutes involved in Rural Development, Rural Employment Schemes, Rural Water Supply and Sanitation programs. Infrastructure development e.g. Energy, Transportation, Housing, and communication in rural areas. National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS).

2. HUMAN RIGHTS:
2.1 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR 1948)- International human rights standards, its reflections in the Indian constitution, a mechanism to enforce and protect Human Rights in India. Human Rights Movement in India. Problems related to human rights deprivations such as poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, social-cultural-religious practices, violence, corruption, terrorism, exploitation of labor, custodial crimes, etc. Need, for training in and practicing human rights and human dignity in a democratic setup. Globalization and its impact on different sections of Indian Society. Human Development Index, Infant Mortality Ratio, Sex Ratio.

2.2 Child Development: problems and issues (Infant mortality, Malnutrition, Child labor, Children’s education, etc.) – Government Policies, welfare schemes and programs – Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations Community resources. People’s participation in their Welfare.

2.3 Women Development – problems and issues (Gender inequality, Violence against women, Girl child Infanticide/Foeticide, Empowerment of Women, etc.)- Government Policy, schemes, and programs for development/welfare and empowerment – Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations, and Community resources. People’s participation in their development. AASHA.

2.4 Youth Development: problems and issues (Unemployment, unrest, drug addiction, etc.) – Government Policy – development schemes and programs – Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations, and Community resources. People’s participation in their development.

2.5 Tribal Development: problems and issues (Malnutrition, isolation, integration and development, etc.) – Tribal movement – Government Policy, welfare schemes, and programs- Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations, and Community resources. People’s participation in their Welfare.

2.6 Development for Socially deprived classes (SC, ST, VJ/NT, OBC etc. ) – problems and issues (inequality in opportunity etc.) – Government Policy, welfare schemes and development programs – Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations and Resource mobilsation and Community participation.

2.7 Welfare for aged People– problems and issues – Government Policy – welfare schemes and programs – Role of international agencies, Voluntary Organisations and Community participation for their development. Utilisation of their services in developmental activities.

2.8 Labour Welfare – problems and issues (working conditions, wages, health and problems related to organised and unorganised sectors) – Government Policy, welfare schemes and programs – Role of
ternational agencies, community and Voluntary Organisations.

2.9 Welfare of disabled persons – problems and issues (inequality in educational and employment opportunity etc.) – Government Policy, welfare schemes and programs – Role of international
agencies, Voluntary Organisations in employment and rehabilitation.

2.10 People’s Rehabilitations – (People affected by Development projects and Natural Calamities.) – Strategy and programs – Legal Provisions –Consideration of different aspects like economic,cultural,
social, psychological etc.

2.11 International and Regional Organisations: United Nations and its specialised agencies – UNCTAD, UNDP, ICJ, ILO, UNICEF, UNESCO, UNCHR, EU, APEC, ASEAN, OPEC, OAU, SAARC, NAM, Commonwealth of Nations and European Union.

2.12 Consumer Protection: Salient features of the existing act- Rights of consumers- Consumer disputes and redressal machinery, Different kinds of Forums- Objectives, Powers, functions, procedures,
Consumer Welfare Fund.

2.13 Values and Ethics: Fostering of social norms, values, ethics through formal and informal agencies such as family, religion, education, media, etc.

GENERAL STUDIES– IV 
ECONOMY AND PLANNING, ECONOMICS OF DEVELOPMENT AND AGRICULTURE, 
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT 

• Standard: Degree.
• Total Marks: 150
• Nature of Paper: Objective Type.
• Duration: 2 Hours

Note:

• The Nature and standard of questions in the paper will be such that a well educated person will be able to answer without any specialised study and its intention is to test candidate’s general awareness of a variety of subjects.
• It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub topics mentioned below.

1. ECONOMY AND PLANNING
1.1 Indian Economy – Challenges in Indian Economy – Poverty, Unemployment and Regional Imbalances. Planning: Process – Types – Review of India’s First to Tenth Five year Plans. Evaluation. Social and Economic Indicators of Development. State and Local Level Planning. Decentralisation -73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments.

1.2 Urban and Rural Infrastructure Development: Need and Significance. Growth and Development of Social and economic infrastructure such as Energy, Water supply and sanitation, Housing, Transport (Road, Ports etc.), Communications (Post and Telegraphs, Telecommunication), Network of Radio, TV, Internet. Crises, problems related to Infrastructure in India. Policy alternatives- Public-Private Sector Partnership (PPP). FDI and Infrastructure Development- Privatisation of infrastructure development. Centre and State Government Policies for Infrastructure Development. Transport and Housing (Urban  and Rural). Problems – Centre and State Government initiatives and programmes. BOLT and BOT
schemes.

1.3 Industry: Need – importance and role of industries in economic and social development, Growth Pattern, Structure of Large-scale Industries in India with special reference to Maharashtra. Smallscale,Cottage and Village industries, their problems and prospects. Impact of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation on SSIs. Maharashtra’s Policy, measures and programmes for
development, promotion and monitoring of SSIs. Export Potential of Small scale and cottage industries. SEZs, SPVs.

1.4 Co-operation: Concept, Meaning, Objectives, Old and new principles of co-operation. Growth and diversification of co-operative movement in India. Co-operative institution in Maharashtra – types, role, importance and diversification. State policy and Co-operative sector – Legislation, Supervision, Audit and Aid. Problems of Co-operatives in Maharashtra. Prospects of Cooperatives in the era of global competition. Review, reforms and prospects of cooperative movement in Maharashtra – Alternative policy initiatives in agricultural marketing- Employment Guarantee Scheme.

1.5 Economic reforms: Background, Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation – (concept, meaning, scope and limitations). Economic Reforms at Centre and State Level. WTO Regime – Provisions and its implications and impact on Indian Economy, issues and problems.

1.6 International Trade and International Capital Movements: Emerging Trends in era of globalisation. Growth, Composition and Direction of India’s Foreign Trade. Foreign trade policy of India – Export Promotion. WTO and International Trade. Foreign Capital Inflows – Composition and Growth – FDI. e-Commerce. Role of Multinationals – International Financing Agencies – (IMF, World Bank and IDA). International Credit Ratings.

1.7 Measurement and estimate of poverty – Poverty line: concept and facts, BPL, poverty eradication measures – fertility, nuptiality, mortality and morbidity in India – gender empowerment policies.

1.8 Factors determining employment – measures of unemployment – relation between income, poverty and employment – issues of distributional and social justice.

1.9 Economy of Maharashtra: salient features of agriculture, industry and service sectors – drought management in Maharashtra – FDI in Maharashtra.

2. ECONOMICS OF DEVELOPMENT AND AGRICULTURE
2.1 Macro Economics: Methods of national income accounting. Functions of money – base money -high-power money – quantity theory of money – money multiplier. Monetary and non-monetary theories of
inflation – control of inflation: monetary, fiscal and direct measures.

2.2 Public Finance and Financial Institutions: Role of public finance in market economy – Criteria for
public investment. Merit goods and public goods- sources of revenue and expenditure (Centre and State) -forms of taxes and subsidies and their incidence and effects.- tax, non-tax and public debt of
Centre and States in India. Public Expenditure (Centre and States) – Growth and causes. Public Expenditure Reform – Performance Based Budgeting and Zero Based Budgeting. Zero-base budgeting –
types of budget deficits – internal and external borrowings. Review of Tax Reforms at national and State level. VAT. Public debt – Growth, Composition and Burden. Problem of States’ Indebtedness to
Centre. Fiscal Deficits – Concepts, Control of Deficits – Centre, State and RBI Initiatives. Fiscal Reforms in India – Review at Centre and State Level. Financial sector reforms – new trends in banking – real and nominal interest rates – repo and reverse repo transactions.

2.3 Growth, Development and International Economics:

1.  Indicators of development- sustainable development- development and environment –  Green GDP.
2. Factors of economic development: natural resource, population, human capital, infrastructure – theory of demographic transition- Human development index – human poverty index – gender empowerment measure
3. Role of foreign capital and technology in growth – multi-national corporations.
4. International trade as an engine of growth – theories of international trade
5. IMF-IBRD-WTO – Regional Trade Agreements – SAARC – ASEAN.
6. Indian Agriculture, Rural Development and Cooperation:

(1) Role of agriculture in economic development – interrelationship between agriculture, industry and services sectors – contract farming – precision farming – corporate farming – organic farming.

(2) Size of land holding and productivity – Green Revolution and technological change – agricultural prices and terms of trade – farm subsidies–Public Distribution System – food security.

(3) Regional disparities in agricultural growth in India–agri-business and global marketing – agricultural credit in India.

(4) Sources of irrigation and water
management – live-stock resource and their productivity – White Revolution, fisheries, poultry, forestry, horticulture and floriculture development in India
and Maharashtra.

(5) Strategies of rural development during the plan period-rural infrastructure (social and economic)

(6) W.T.O. and agriculture – Farmer’s and Breeder’s Rights – biodiversity – GM technology. Implications of GATT (WTO) agreement in agricultural marketing.

(7) Marketing and pricing of agricultural inputs and outputs, price fluctuations and their cost, role of co-operatives in agricultural economy.

2.5 Agriculture:
(1) Importance of Agriculture in National Economy – Causes of low productivity – Government policies, schemes and programmes for agriculture production and developments such as land reforms and land utilisation, soil and water conservation, rainfed farming, Irrigation and its methods, Mechanization of Agriculture. Role of ICAR, MCAER.

(2) Problem of rural indebtedness, Agriculture credit- need, importance and Financial Institutions involved therein. NABARD and Bhu-Vikas Bank. Agriculture pricing- components, factors affecting prices of various Agriculture produces – Govt. support prices of various agriculture
produces, Subsidies. Agriculture Marketing – present status, Value added products. Role of Govt and its institutes in agriculture marketing. (APC, APMC, etc.)

2.6 Food and Nutrition:
Trends in Food production and consumption in India, First and ensuing second Green Revolutions,
Self-sufficiency in food, Problem of food security, Problems and issues of storage, procurement, distribution, import and export of food. Calorific value of foods and its measurement, Energy and nutrient needs of human body for better health and balanced diet – common nutritional problems in India and its causes and effects, Govt. Policies, schemes, programs such as PDS, Food for work, Mid-
day Meal Scheme and other nutritional programs. Proposed Food Security Act.

2.7 Indian Industry, Infrastructure and Services Sector:
(1) Trends, composition and growth of industries, infrastructure and services sector in India – role of
public, private and cooperative sectors in India – small and cottage industries. BPO.
(2) Liberalisation and its effects on Indian industries – industrial sickness.

3. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS
3.1 Energy: Conventional and non-conventional energy sources – Potential of Solar, Wind, Biogas, Biomass, Geothermal, and other renewable energy sources. Introduction to solar gadgets viz solar
cooker, water heater etc. Biogas- principle, and process. Problems of Energy Crises, Govt. Policies and programs for power generation. Nuclear Power Program, Thermal Power Program, Hydroelectric
Power program, Power distribution and National Grid. Agencies and Institutions engaged in Energy security, Research and development.

3.2 Computer and Information Technology: Role of computer in modern society, its applications in various spheres of life such as data communication, networking and web technologies, Cybercrime and
its prevention. Use of I.T. in various services, and Govt. programs such as Media Lab Asia, Vidya Vahini, Gyan Vahini, Community Information Centre, etc. Major issues in the IT industry – its prospects.

3.3 Space Technology: Indian space programs, Indian Artificial satellites for telecommunication, television, education, broadcasting, weather forecasting, GPS, and disaster warning. Indian missile program
etc., Remote sensing, GIS and its application in weather forecasting, Disaster warning, water, soil, mineral resources development, agriculture and fisheries development, urban planning, ecological
studies, GS and GIS.

3.4 Biotechnology: It’s the potential to improve human life and the national economy through agricultural, industrial development, and employment generation. Biotechnology is an essential and important tool of natural resource development. Areas of application – Agriculture, Animal breeding and Veterinary health care, Pharmaceutics, Human healthcare, Food technology, energy generation, environment protection, etc. Role and efforts of government in promoting, regulating, and developing biotechnology in the country. Ethical, Social, and Legal issues related to biotechnological development, possible adverse effects of biotechnological development. Seed technology, its importance. Quality of seed. Different kinds of seeds and their seed production and processing techniques. BT cotton, BT brinjal, etc.

3.5 Nuclear Policy of India: Salient features. Nuclear Power as a source of energy and its significance as clean energy. Problems of nuclear waste. Nuclear thermal power generation in India, its contribution to total power generation. Determinants of Nuclear Tests: Pokhran I (1974) and Pokhran II (1998). Recent  Trends in Nuclear Policy such as NPT (Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty) and CTBT (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty). INDO-US Nuclear Treaty of 2009.

3.6 Disaster Management: Definition, nature, types, and classification of disasters, Natural Hazards: Causative factors and mitigation measures. Floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, etc., Factors affecting mitigation measures- Case studies of major earthquakes and tsunamis such as Killari (1993), Bhuj (2001), Sikkim-Nepal (2011) earthquakes, Banda Ache (2004) (Sumatra), Fukushima (2011) (Japan) earthquakes and Tsunami. Maharashtra: Mumbai floods of 2005. December 1993, June 2006, November 2009, and July 2011 bomb blasts and terrorist attacks, their impact.

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