MCQ on Mitochondria | MtDNA MCQ

MCQ on Mitochondria with Answers Pdf Download

MCQ on Mitochondria is becoming most common part of today’s competitive examinations. Without basic knowledge of Mitochondria Aspirants lag behind in these examinations. It tests general knowledge on common terms and concept of Mitochondria. Keeping in view of this, we have added some most frequently asked MCQ questions on Mitochondria in MCQ format for your proper practice. Take this online practice tests / quiz and you will have an idea what kind of questions are expected on Mitochondria in various competitive exam. All questions are selected in a manner so that it becomes easy to understand the topic. You will find these commonly asked solved questions (with answer) really helpful. Just practice.

Here you will find a list of Most important MCQ questions on Mitochondria in MCQ quiz style with answer for competitive exams like NEET, CET, NET etc. These frequently asked sample questions on Mitochondria are given with correct choice of answer that you can check instantly. Presently we have added more than 30 MCQ questions on Mitochondria for your practice. We will keep adding more questions and provide this question bank in PDF format, so that you can download them instantly in E-book style.


Mitochondria MCQ Questions and Answers Pdf

1. The term mitochondria was coined by____________

(a) Carl Benda

(b) Richard

(c) Watson

(d) John Crick

Answer: A


2 . The mitochondria was firstly Observed by_____________

(a) Carl Benda

(b) Richard Altman

(c) Charl Johanson

(d) Richard John

Answer: B


3. Which cell component is known as power house of the cell?

(a) Golgi apparatus

(b) Mitochondria

(c) Vacuole

(d) Ribosomes

Answer: B


4. Aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells is___________

(a) Peroxisome

(b) Plastid

(c) Mitochondria

(d) Cilia

Answer: C


5. The diameter of mitochondria is about:

(a) 0.2 µm

(b) 0.3 µm

(c) 0.5 µm

(d) 0.1 µm

Answer: C


6. Where does the Krebs cycle take place in the mitochondria?

(a) Inner mitochondrial membrane

(b) Mitochondrial matrix

(c) Intermembrane space

(d) Outer mitochondrial membrane

Answer: B


7. How many mitochondria are found in liver cells?

(a) 1000 to 1600

(b) 1000 to 1100

(c) 1000 to 1300

(d) 1000 to 1500

Answer: A


8. Which cell organelle is found in rod shaped in the cell of eukaryotes?

(a) Cytoplasm

(b) Cell membrane

(c) Vacuole

(d) Mitochondria

Answer: D


9. The inner compartment of mitochondrial membranes is filled with__________.

(a) fluid

(b) mitochondrial matrix

(c) mitochondrial crest

(d) all of the above

Answer: B


10. In what part of mitochondria does the electron transport chain take place?

(a) Matrix

(b) Inner membrane 

(c) Peri Mitochondrial space

(d) Outer membrane 

Answer: B


11. Cristae in mitochondria serves as sites for________

(a) oxidation reduction reaction

(b) protein synthesis

(c) macromolecules breakdown

(d) flavoproteins are phosphorylated

Answer: A


12. By which system, mitochondria change the food into chemical energy?

(a) Oxidation

(b) Reduction

(c) Detoxification

(d) Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer: D


13. Oxysomes of F0-F1 particles take place on_____________

(a) Chloroplast surface

(b) Thylakoid

(c) Inner mitochondrial membrane

(d) Mitochondrial surface

Answer: C


14. Which enzymes are present in inner membrane of mitochondria?

(a) Respiratory chain enzyme

(b) ATP synthase

(c) Monoamine oxidase

(d) Both a and b

Answer: D


15. Which enzymes are present in outer membrane of mitochondria?

(a) Monoamine oxidase

(b) NADH-Cytochrome reductase

(c) Fatty acid CoA ligase

(d) All of the above

Answer: D


16……………………… stores biological information required for growth and multiplication of mitochondria.

(a) MtDNA

(b) Tissue

(c) Enzyme

(d) Lipid layer

Answer: A


17. How do the small molecules pass through the outer membrane of mitochondria?

(a) ATP pump

(b) Carrier protein

(c) Channels

(d) Porins

Answer: D


18. The matrix is an important in the production of ATP and it have……………

(a) DNA enzymes

(b) tRNA

(c) Tubules

(d) All of them

Answer: D


19. Pick the incorrect statement about Mitochondria__________

(a) mitochondrial DNA is known as mtDNA

(b) mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell

(c) mitochondria is the site for calvin cycle

(d) mitochondria is the site for krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation

Answer: C


20. In the structure of mitochondria, outer and inner membrane is composed of …………………… and these have different properties.

(a) Phospholipid bilayer

(b) Proteins

(c) Ligaments

(d) Both (a) and (b)

Answer: D


21. Which of the following is not a function of mitochondria__________

(a) fatty acid breakdown

(b) non-shivering thermogenesis

(c) electron transport chain and associated ATP production

(d) glycolysis and associated ATP production

Answer: D


22. What is the primary purpose of cristae in the mitochondria?

(a) No function has yet been identified; they are likely an evolutionary remnant 

(b) It Provide a large surface area for chemical reactions

(c) It Protects the mitochondrial genome

(d) It Prevent the mitochondria from folding in on itself

Answer: B


23. The __________ theory hypothesizes that __________ were originally free-living prokaryotes. 

(a) ectosymbiotic . . . mitochondria

(b) ectosymbiotic . . . lysosomes

(c) endosymbiotic . . . lysosomes

(d) endosymbiotic . . . mitochondria

Answer: D


24. The cristae are folds of inner mitochondrial membrane and is covered with inner membrane spheres known as………………………………

(a) Stalked Particles

(b) Knobs

(c) Head 

(d) All of these

Answer: D 


25. Mitochondrial DNA is___________

(a) simple single stranded circular DNA molecule

(b) simple double stranded circular DNA molecule

(c) simple double stranded linear DNA molecule

(d) simple single stranded linear DNA molecule

Answer: B


26. Which of the following is not true of the endosymbiotic theory?

(a) Mitochondria have their own genomes that contain similarities to bacterial genomes

(b) The mitochondria shows similarities to fossilized microorganisms 

(c) The inner membrane of mitochondria displays similarities to bacterial membranes

(d) None of the answers

Answer: D 


27. Which of the following statements is false concerning mitochondria?

(a) Mitochondria divided separately from the rest of the cell by binary fission

(b) Mitochondria contain a small circular genome that is separate from the cellular genome

(c) Mitochondria are surrounded with a thin peptidoglycan layer

(d) All of these 

Answer: C


28. Single Mitochondria is found in________

(a) Flight muscles of insects

(b) Human sperm

(c) Micrasterias

(d) Chaos chaos

Answer: C


29. This is not a function of mitochondria________

(a) Fatty acid breakdown

(b) non-shivering thermogenesis

(c) electron transport chain and associated ATP production

(d) glycolysis and associated ATP production

Answer: D


30. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

(a) Mitochondria, unless specifically stained are not easily visible under the microscope

(b) Physiological activity of cells determines the number of mitochondria per cell

(c) Mitochondria, a powerhouse of a cell has DNA, RNA, ribosomes and enzymes, so it can survive outside the cell.

(d) Mitochondria divide by fission

Answer: C


31. Which of the following statements regarding mitochondria is incorrect?

(a) The outer membrane is permeable to monomers of carbohydrates, fats and proteins

(b) Enzymes of electron transport are embedded in the outer membrane

(c) inner membrane is convoluted with infolding

(d) mitochondrial matrix content singles circular DNA molecule and ribosomes

Answer: B


32. ATP synthesis occurs on the_________

(a) Outer membrane of mitochondria

(b) Inner membrane of mitochondria

(c) Matrix

(d) None of the above

Answer: B


33. If a biochemical analysis of mitochondria has to be done, the best procedure would be____________

(a) Select cells which have a larger number of mitochondria

(b) Plasmolyse the cell and filter out the mixture and take the debris

(c) Grind the cells and filter out the mixture and take the debris

(d) Subject the cell to cell fractionation (centrifuge) and obtain mitochondria

Answer: D


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What is Mitochondria?

  1. Mitochondria are the cell organelles that act as power house of cell and they are responsible for energy production. 
  2. Mitochondria are found exclusively in the eukaryotic Cell, In prokaryotic cells they are completely absent.
  3. Depending on the cell type, they may be a single, very large mitochondrion or up to 2000 small mitochondria. In humans the red blood cells do not contain mitochondria, while in the metabolically active liver cells up to 2000 mitochondria per cell may be present.
  4. Mitochondria are approximately 1μm (microns) long. The shape of mitochondria is variable, the cells move in the cytoplasm and can take different forms. Like chloroplasts and the nucleus, mitochondria are surrounded by two cell membranes. 
  5. The two cell membranes lead to a matrix space inside the mitochondrion and an intermembrane space. 
  6. The outer mitochondrial membrane is responsible for the exchange of substances and the protection of the organelle. 
  7. It contains so-called pores, special transmembrane proteins, through which substances can be taken up and released. 
  8. The inner mitochondrial membrane folds, leading to a strong surface enlargement. Here are the proteins of the respiratory chain.
  9. Mitochondria have their own DNA, the mtDNA ( Mitochondrial DNA ). They function as an autonomous organelle and share independently of the cell’s cycle. 
  10. The mitochondrial DNA is annular and evolutionarily probably originated from the invasion of a bacterium into a precursor of the eukaryotic cell. 
  11. This theory is also supported by the fact that mitochondria contain 70S ribosomes, which are typical of prokaryotic cells. However, in eukaryotic cells there are always 80S ribosomes.


Function of the mitochondria

  1. The key functions of mitochondria is the production of energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate); it happens via the respiratory chain. 
  2. The respiratory chain consists of a series of enzymes that present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. 
  3. These enzymes lie side by side and form a chain through which electrons are transported. This results in a side effect of a concentration of protons, which are used by the ATP synthetase for the production of ATP.
  4. In addition, the mitochondria serve as calcium storage. You can save calcium ions for a certain amount of time. When calcium is needed, mitochondria release the absorbed calcium ions and thus contribute to the maintenance of the cell (homeostasis).

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