Principle of Inheritance and Variation Class  12 NEET Questions Pdf : 

Principle of Inheritance and Variation is important for class 12 students appearing for CBSE board exam as well as NEET Aspirants also. Below we are provided MCQ on Principle of Inheritance and Variation Prepared by subject experts and students can refer these Principle of Inheritance and Variation NEET MCQ Questions for their exam preparation.

Below MCQ questions and answer are prepare for class 12 and NEET students. These fully solved MCQ questions are applicable to all college students, freshers or experienced as well as various tests & contests in colleges. Students can enhance their knowledge by regular practice which will help them crack any exam exam. These MCQs provided here help students to understand each Concept of the chapter in the easy and interesting way. Students can practice these MCQ thoroughly in order to score maximum marks in the exam.

MCQ Questions on Principle of Inheritance and Variation Pdf (Previously Asked Questions in NEET) : 

1. A woman has an X-linked condition on one of her X chromosomes. These chromosomes can be inherited by________
(a) Only grandchildren
(b) Only sons
(c) Only daughters
(d) Both sons and daughters
Answer: D

2. Which of the following pairs is wrongly matched________
(a) XO type Sex Determination: Grasshopper
(b) ABO Blood grouping : Co-dominance
(c) Starch synthesis in Pea: Multiple alleles.
(d) T.H. Morgan: Linkage
Answer: C

3. A disease caused by autosomal primary non-disjunction is______
(a) Down’s syndrome
(b) Klinefelter’s syndrome
(c) Turner’s syndrome
(d) Sickle cell anaemia
Answer: A

Read: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapterwise MCQ 

4. Thalassemia and sickle cell anaemia are caused due to a problem in globin molecule synthesis. Select the correct statement.
(a) Both are due to a qualitative defect in globin
chain synthesis
(b) Both are due to a quantitative defect in globin
chain synthesis
(c) Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin molecules
(d) Sickle cell anaemia 1s due to a quantitative
problem of globin molecules
Answer: C

5. Select the correct match:
(a) T. H. Morgan-Transduction
(b) F2 x Recessive parent-Dihybrid cross
(c) Ribozyme-Nucleic acid
(d) G. Mendel-Transformation
Answer: C

6. Select the corect statement_________
(a) Spliceosomes take part in translation
(6) Punnet square was developed by a British scientist.
(c) Franklin Stahl coined the term “linkage”.
(d) Transduction was discovered by S. Altman.
Answer: B

7. Which of the following characteristics represent “Inheritance of blood groups” in humans?
(A) Dôminance
(B) Co-dominance
(C) Multiple allele
(D) lncomplete dominance
(a) B, D and E
(b) B, Cand E
(c) A, B and C
(d) A, Cand E
Answer: C

Read : MCQ on Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants 

8. The genotypes of a Husband and Wife are IAIB and IAi. Among the blood types of their children, how man different genotypes and phenotypes are possible :
(a) 3genotypes ;3phenotypes
(b) 3 genotypes; 4 phenotypes
(c) 4 genotypes; 3 phenotypes
(d) 4 genotypes; 4 phenotypes
Answer: C

9. Which one from those given below is the period for Mendel’s hybridisation experiments?
(a) 1856-1863
(b) 1857-1869
(c) 1840-1850
(d) 1870-1877
Answer: A

10. Among the following characters, which one was not considered by Mendel in his experiments of
pea__________
(a) Stem-Tall or Dwarf
(b) Trichomes – Glandular or non-glandur
(c) Seed – Green or Yellow
(d) Pod – Inflated or constricted
Answer: B

11. A tall true breeding garden pea plant is crossed with a dwarf true breeding garden pea plant. When the F1 plants were selfed, the resulting genotype were in the ratio of________
(a) 1:2:1:: Tall heterozygous: lall homozygous: Dwarf
(b) 3:1:: Tall: Dwarf
(c) 3:1:: Dwarf: Tall
(d) 1:2:1: Tall homozygous: lall heterozygous: Dwarf
Answer: D

Also Read: Reproductive Health NEET MCQ 

12. Which is the most common mechanism of genetic variation in the population of sexually reproducing organism?

(a) Transduction

(b) Chromosomal aberrations

(c) Genetic drift

(d) Recombination

Answer: D

13. The movement of a gene from one linkage group of another is called_______

(a) Inversion

(b) Translocation

(c) Duplication

(d) Crossing over

Answer: D

14. A man whose father was colour blind marries a woman who had a colour blind mother and normal father. What percentage of male children of this couple would be colour blind?

(a) 25%

(b) 50%

(c) 0%

(d) 75%

Answer: C

15. A human female with Turner’s syndrome____________

(a) has 45 chromosomes with XO

(b) has one additional X chromosome

(c) exhibits male characters

(d) is able to produce children with normal husband

Answer: A

16. If both parent are carriers for thalassemia, which is an autosomal recessive disorders, what are the chances of pregnancy resulting in an affected child?

(a) No chance

(b) 25%

(c) 50%

(d) 100%

Answer: D

17. A normal visioned man whose father was colour blind, marries a woman whose father was also colour blind. They have their first child as a daughter. What are the chances that this child would be colour blind_______

(a) 100%

(b) 90 %

(c) 0%

(d) 25

Answer: C

18. Which condition describes the sex correctly?

(a) XO condition as in Turner’s syndrome

determines the female sex

(b) XX sex chromosomes produce male in Drosophila

(c) ZZ sex chromosomes determine female sex in birds

(d) XO sex chromosomes determine male sex in GrasshopPper

Answer: D

19. Which condition of zygote cell will lead to birth of a normal human female child?

(a) One X-chromosome

(b) One X and one Y chromosome

(c) Two X chromosome

(d) One Y chromosome

Answer: C

20. In a test cross involving F1 dihybrid flies, more parental type offspring were produced than the recombinant type offspring. This indicates________
(a) Chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis
(b) The two genes are linked and present on the same chromosomne
(c) Both of the characters are controlled by more than one gene
(d) The two genes are located in two different chromosomes
Answer: B

21. Alleles are_______
(a) Different phenotype
(b) True breeding homozygotes
(c) Different molecular forms of gene
(d) Heterozygotes
Answer: C

22. Multiple alleles are present_______
(a) On different chromosomes
(b) At different loci on the same chromosome
(c) At the same loci of the chromosome
(d) On non-sister chromatids
Answer: C

23. How many pairs of contrasting characters in pea plants were studied by mendel in his experiments______
(a) Five
(b) Eight
(c) Six
(d) Seven
Answer: D

24. The fruit colour is squash is an example of_________
(a) Recessive epistasis
(b) Dominant epistasis
(c) Complementary epistasis
(d) Inhibitory genes
Answer : B

25. Which Mendelian idea is depicted by a cross in which F1 generation resembles both the parents_________
(a) Co-dominance
(b) Incomplete dominance
(c) Law of dominance
(d) Inheritance of one gene
Answer: A

26. Which of the following statements is not true of two genes that show 50% recombination frequency_______
(a) The genes may be on different chromosomes
(b) The genes are tightly linked
(c) The genes show independent assortment
(d) if the genes are present on the same
chromosomes, they undergo more than are crossovers in every meiosis

Answer: B

27. A test cross is carried out to__________
(a) Predict whether two trails are linked
(b) Assess the number of alleles of a gene
(c) Determine the genotype of Fz plant
(d) Determine whether two species or verities will breed successfully.
Answer: C

28. F2 generation in a Mendelian cross showed that both genotypic and phenotypic ratios are same as 1:2:1.lt represents a case of__________
(a) Monohybrid cross with complete dominance
(b) Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance
(c) Codominance
(d) Dihybrid cross
Answer: B

29. In Antirrhinum two plants with pink flowers were hybridised. The F1 plants produced red, pink and white flowers in the proportion of 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white. What would be the genotype of the two plants used for hybridisation? Red flower colour is determined by RR and white by rr genes________
(a) rr
(b) Rr
(c) Rrr
(d) RR
Answer: B

30. Which one of the following cannot be explained on the basis of Mendel’s law of dominance?
(a) Alleles do not show any blending and both the characters recover as such in F2 generation
(b) Factors occur in pairs
(c) The discrete unit controlling a particular character is called factor
(d) Out of one pair of factors one 1s dominant and the other recessive
Answer: A

31. The genotype of a plant showing the dominant phenotype can be determined by________
(a) Pedigree
(b) Test cross
(c) Back cross
(d) Dihybrid cross
Answer: B

32. Human blood grouping is called ABO instead of ABC because O signifies_______
(a) No antigen
(b) One antibody
(c) Over-dominance
(d) Other antigen
Answer: A

33. Genotype of hybrid is determined by___________
(a) Crossing one F, progeny with recessive parent
(b) Crossing one F, progeny with another F progeny
(c) Crossing one F2 progency with female parent
(d) Crossing one F1 progeny with male parent
Answer: A

34. If a colour blind man marries woman who is homozygous for normal colour vision, the probability of their son being colour blind is__________
(a) 1
(b) O
(d) 0.75
(c) 0.5
Answer:

35. Which of the following most appropriately describe haemophilia?
(a) Dominant gene disorder
(b) Recessive gene disorder
(c) X-linked recessive gene disorderos
(d) Chromosomal disorder
Answer:

36. A cell at telophase stage is observed by a student in a plant brought from the field. He tells his teacher that this cell is not like other cells at telophase stage. There is no formation of cell plate and thus the cell is containing more number of chromosomes as compared to other dividing cels. This would result in_______
(b) Somaclonal
(d) Aneuploidy
(a) Polyploidy
(c) Polyteny
Answer:

37. Pick out the correct statements.
(i) Haemophilia is a sex linked recessive disease.
(ii) Down’s syndrome is due to aneuploidy
(iii) Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive gene disorder
(iv) Sickle cell anaemia is an X-linked recessive gene disorder
(a) (ii) and (iv) correct
(b) (i), (iii) and (iv) correct
(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) correct
(d) (ii) and (iv) correct
Answer: C

MCQ on Principle of Inheritance and Variation Class 12 :  

1. An individual’s collection of genes is called______

(a) Genotype

(b) Phenotype

(c) Trait

(d) None of the above

Answer : A

2. Name the scientist who descovered the laws of Heredity.

(a) Gregor Mendel

(b) Newton

(c) Punnett

(d) None of the above

Answer : A

3. Who introduced chromosomal theory of inheritance?

(a) Mendel

(b) Sutton

(c) Reginald

(d) Boyen

Answer : B

4. If a genetic disease is transferred from a phenotypically normal but carrier female to only some of the male progeny, the disease is__________

(a) autosomal dominant

(b) autosomal recessive

(c) sex-linked dominant

(d) sex-linked recessive.

Answer: D

5. The plant Mendel used to study inheritance of two genes is____________

(a) Apple

(b) Mango

(c) Garden pea

(d) Potato

Answer : C

6. The allele which is unable to express its effect in the presence of another is called____________

(a) Co-dominant

(b) Supplementary

(c) Complementary

(d) Recessive

Answer : D

7. A plant having the genotype AABbCC will produce ______ kinds of gametes.

(a) 5

(b) 4

(c) 3

(d) 2

Answer : D

8. Female heterogamety is______________

(a) Two different types of gametes are produced by females

(b) Four different types of gametes are produced by males

(c) Can be both (a) and (b)

(d) None of these

Answer : A

9. An analysis of traits in several generation of a family is called the________

(a) Pedigree analysis

(b) Mendel analysis

(c) Punneet analysis

(d) None of the above

Answer: A

10. Colour blindness is an _________ linked recessive trait.

(a) Z chromosome

(b) Y chromosome

(c) X chromosome

(d) None of the above

Answer : C

11. In most species, mitochondrial DNA is passed down from_________

(a) DNA

(b) Mother and Father

(c) Father

(d) Mother

Answer: D

12. Punnett square was developed by___________

(a) Mendel

(b) Watson and Sutton

(c) Raginald

(d) Boveri

Answer : C

13. Down’s syndrome is a___________

(a) Mendelian disorder

(b) Chromosomal disorder

(c) Can be (a) or (b)

(d) None of the above

Answer ::B

14. A recessive allele is expressed in__________

(a) heterozygous condition only

(b) homozygous condition only

(c) F3 generation

(d) both homozygous and heterozygous conditions.

Answer: B

15. A cross between two tall plants resulted in offspring having few dwarf plants. What would be the genotypes of both the parents ?

(a) TT and Tt

(b) Tt and Tt

(c) TT and TT

(d) Tt and It

Answer: B

16. In sickle cell anaemia glutamic acid is replaced by valine. Which one of the following triplets codes for valine ?

(a) GGG

(b) A AG

(c) G A A

(d) GUG

Answer: D

17. In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals, percentage of pure homozygous individuals obtained in F1 generation will be_____________

(a) 25 %

(b) 50 %

(c) 75 %

(d) 100 %

Answer: B

18. A man marries a woman and both do not show any apparent traits of inherited disease. Five sons and two daughters are born, and three of their sons suffer from a disease. However, none of the daughters is affected. The following mode of inheritance for the disease is__________

(a) Sex-linked recessive

(b) Sex-linked dominant

(c) Autosomal dominant

(d) None of the above

Answer : A

19. A trait that “overpowers” and hide another trait is called___________

(a) Overpowering trait

(b) Complex trait

(c) Recessive trait

(d) Dominant Trait

Answer: D

20. Mendal’s law can be applicable only when_________

(a) Characters are linked

(b) Parents are pore breed

(c) F1 generation in monohybrid cross show 2 type of individuals

(d) Onepair of contiasting characters depends on another pair

Answer : A

21. Mendel’s Law of independent assortment holds good for genes situated on the__________

(a) non-homologous chromosomes

(b) homologous chromosomes

(c) extra nuclear genetic element

(d) same chromosome.

Answer: B

22. Which of the following characters was not chosen by Mendel ?

(a) Pod shape

(b) Pod colour

(c) Location of flower

(d) Location of pod

Answer: D

23. Which of the following is incorrect regarding ZW – ZZ type of sex determination ?

(a) It occurs in birds and some reptiles.

(b) Females are homogametic and males are heterogametic.

(c) 1:1 sex ratio is produced in the offsprings.

(d) All of these

Answer: B