Most Important Physics Topics to Crack NEET
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Most Important Class 11 Physics Topics to Crack NEET
Here we are going to provide you with a Preparation Plan for NEET exam to accomplish your goal. Topics Like Details about the exam, NEET exam pattern, Important topics to study for NEET exam, Top most important Physics Topics to Crack NEET are discussed below.
| Chapter Name | Important Topics | How to Prepare This Chapter |
|---|---|---|
| Physical World | Scope and excitement of physics, Nature of physical laws | Understand the basic concepts and scope of physics, Memorize key physical laws, Read about historical perspectives |
| Units and Measurements | Systems of units, Measurement of length, mass, and time, Significant figures, Dimensional analysis | Practice problems on unit conversions and significant figures, Use dimensional analysis for verifying equations |
| Motion in a Straight Line | Position, path length, displacement, Speed and velocity, Acceleration, Kinematic equations, Graphical representation of motion | Solve numerous problems on kinematic equations, Practice interpreting graphs, Understand differences between scalar and vector quantities |
| Motion in a Plane | Scalars and vectors, Addition and subtraction of vectors, Projectile motion, Uniform circular motion | Practice vector addition and subtraction, Solve problems on projectile and circular motion, Use diagrams to visualize concepts |
| Laws of Motion | Newton’s laws of motion, Inertia, Impulse and momentum, Law of conservation of momentum | Memorize Newton’s laws and their applications, Solve problems on impulse and momentum, Understand the concept of inertial and non-inertial frames |
| Work, Energy, and Power | Work done by a constant and variable force, Kinetic and potential energy, Power, Law of conservation of energy | Practice problems on work-energy theorem, Understand the conservation of energy principle, Solve numerical problems on power |
| System of Particles and Rotational Motion | Center of mass, Torque, Angular momentum, Moment of inertia, Rotational kinetic energy, Rolling motion | Solve problems on torque and angular momentum, Understand the concept of moment of inertia, Practice problems on rolling motion |
| Gravitation | Kepler’s laws, Universal law of gravitation, Gravitational potential energy, Escape speed, Satellites | Memorize Kepler’s laws and their applications, Solve problems on gravitational potential and escape velocity, Understand satellite motion |
| Mechanical Properties of Solids | Elasticity, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, Bulk modulus, Shear modulus | Practice problems on stress and strain, Understand different types of moduli, Solve numerical problems on elasticity |
| Mechanical Properties of Fluids | Pressure, Pascal’s law, Buoyancy, Viscosity, Reynolds number, Bernoulli’s principle | Solve problems on fluid pressure and buoyancy, Understand applications of Bernoulli’s principle, Practice numerical problems on viscosity |
| Thermal Properties of Matter | Heat, temperature, Thermal expansion, Specific heat capacity, Calorimetry, Change of state, Heat transfer | Memorize key concepts of heat and temperature, Solve problems on thermal expansion and calorimetry, Understand different methods of heat transfer |
| Thermodynamics | Zeroth law, First law of thermodynamics, Heat engines, Second law of thermodynamics, Entropy | Understand and memorize the laws of thermodynamics, Solve problems on heat engines and entropy, Use PV diagrams for visualizing processes |
| Kinetic Theory | Molecular nature of matter, Ideal gas law, Kinetic theory of gases, Degrees of freedom, Mean free path | Practice problems on the ideal gas law and kinetic theory, Understand degrees of freedom and their applications, Solve numerical problems on mean free path |
| Oscillations | Simple harmonic motion (SHM), Oscillations of a spring, Energy in SHM, Damped and forced oscillations, Resonance | Practice problems on SHM and energy, Understand the concepts of damping and resonance, Solve numerical problems on oscillations |
| Waves | Types of waves, Wave speed, Superposition principle, Reflection and refraction of waves, Standing waves, Doppler effect | Memorize key concepts of wave mechanics, Solve problems on wave speed and superposition, Understand the Doppler effect and its applications |
Unit 1 – Physical world and measurement (2%)
scope and excitement; nature of physical laws; physics, technology and society, Need for measurement – units of measurement; systems of units; SI units, fundamental and derived units. Length, mass and time measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments; errors in measurement; significant figures, Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis.
Unit 2 – Kinematics (3%)
Frame of reference, motion in a straight line; position-time graph, speed and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity. Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time and position-time graphs for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment)
Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing motion. Scalar and vector quantities: Position and displacement vectors, general vectors, general vectors and notation, equality of vectors, multiplication of vectors by a real number; addition and subtraction of vectors. Relative velocity, Unit vectors. Resolution of a vector in a plane-rectangular components
Scalar and vector products of vectors. Motion in a plane. Cases of uniform velocity and uniform acceleration – projectile motion. Uniform circular motion.
Unit 3 – Laws of Motion (3%)
Intuitive concept of force. Inertia, Newton’s first law of motion; momentum and Newton’s second law of motion; impulse; Newton’s third law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications. Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction, lubrication. Dynamics of uniform circular motion. Centripetal force, examples of circular motion (vehicle on level circular road, vehicle on banked road)
Unit 4 – Work, Energy and Power (4%)
Word done by a constant force and variable force; kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power. Notion of potential energy, potential energy of a spring, conservative forces; conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies); non-conservative forces; motion in a vertical circle, elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
Unit 5 – Motion of systems of particles and rigid body ( 5%)
Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conservation and centre of mass motion. Centre of mass of a rigid; Centre of mass of uniform rod, Momentum of a force – torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum with some examples. Equillibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equation of rotational motion, comparision of linear and rotational motions; moment of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of M.I. for simple geometrical objects (no derivation). Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications
Unit 6 – Gravitation (2%)
Kepler’s law of planetary motion. The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, orbital velocity of a satellite. Geostationary satellites
Unit 7 – Properties of Bulk matter (3%)
Elastic behaviour, stress-strain relationship. Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear, modulus of rigidity, poisson’s ratio; elastic energy. Viscosity, Stoke’s law, terminal velocity, Reynold’s number, streamline and turbulent flow. Critical velocity, Bernoulli’s theorem.
Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases. Anomalous expansion. Specific heat of capacity:Cp, Cv-calorimetry; change of state-latent heat., Heat transfer – conduction and thermal conductivity, convection and radiation. Qualitative ideas of Black body radiation. Wein’s displacement law, and green house effect. Newton’s law of cooling and Stefan’s law
Unit 8 – Thermodynamics (9%)
Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law of thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics. Isothermal and adiabatic processes. Second law of the thermodynamics: Reversible and irreversible processes. Heat engines and refrigerators
Unit 9 – Behaviour of Perfect Gas and Kinetic Theory (3%)
Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases: Assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy (Statement only) and application to specific heat capacities of gases; concept of mean free path
Unit 10 – Oscillations and Waves (3%)
Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion(SHM) and its equation; phase; oscillations of a spring-restoring force and force constant; energy in SHM – Kinetic and potential energies; simple pendulum – derivation of expression for its time period; free and forced and damped oscillations (qualitative ideas only), resonance.
Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave motion. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics. Beats. Doppler effect.
Most Important Class 12 Physics Topics to Crack NEET
| Chapter Name | Important Topics | How to Prepare This Chapter |
|---|---|---|
| Electric Charges and Fields | Coulomb’s law, Electric field and potential, Electric dipole, Gauss’s law, Field lines | Understand and memorize Coulomb’s law and Gauss’s law, Solve problems on electric field and potential, Use diagrams to visualize electric field lines |
| Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | Electric potential energy, Equipotential surfaces, Capacitance, Capacitors in series and parallel, Energy stored in a capacitor | Practice problems on electric potential and capacitance, Memorize key formulas, Understand the concept of equipotential surfaces and energy storage |
| Current Electricity | Ohm’s law, Drift velocity, Electrical resistance and resistivity, Series and parallel circuits, Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheatstone bridge | Solve numerous circuit problems, Understand the applications of Kirchhoff’s laws, Practice problems on the Wheatstone bridge and meter bridge |
| Moving Charges and Magnetism | Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law, Magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor, Moving coil galvanometer | Memorize Biot-Savart and Ampere’s laws, Solve problems on magnetic force and torque, Understand the working principle of a moving coil galvanometer |
| Magnetism and Matter | Magnetic properties of materials, Earth’s magnetism, Magnetic field lines, Hysteresis | Study the magnetic properties of different materials, Understand the concept of Earth’s magnetism, Practice problems on magnetic field lines and hysteresis |
| Electromagnetic Induction | Faraday’s laws, Lenz’s law, Induced emf and current, Eddy currents, Self and mutual induction | Memorize Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws, Solve problems on induced emf and current, Understand the applications of eddy currents and inductance |
| Alternating Current | AC voltage and current, Reactance and impedance, LC, RC, and LCR circuits, Resonance, Power in AC circuits, Transformers | Practice problems on AC circuits and impedance, Understand the concept of resonance, Solve numerical problems on transformers and power calculations |
| Electromagnetic Waves | Displacement current, Electromagnetic spectrum, Propagation of electromagnetic waves, Applications of EM waves | Memorize the electromagnetic spectrum, Understand the concept of displacement current, Study the applications of different types of EM waves |
| Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | Reflection and refraction of light, Lens formula, Magnification, Optical instruments, Total internal reflection, Dispersion | Practice problems on lens formula and magnification, Understand the working of optical instruments, Solve numerical problems on reflection, refraction, and dispersion |
| Wave Optics | Interference, Young’s double-slit experiment, Diffraction, Polarization | Memorize key concepts of interference and diffraction, Understand Young’s double-slit experiment, Practice problems on polarization and wave optics phenomena |
| Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Photoelectric effect, Einstein’s equation, Matter waves, de Broglie wavelength, Davisson-Germer experiment | Understand the photoelectric effect and Einstein’s equation, Solve problems on matter waves and de Broglie wavelength, Study the Davisson-Germer experiment |
| Atoms | Rutherford’s model, Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom, Energy levels, Spectral series | Memorize the key points of Rutherford’s and Bohr’s models, Solve problems on energy levels and spectral series, Understand the concept of atomic spectra |
| Nuclei | Properties of nucleus, Nuclear binding energy, Radioactivity, Decay laws, Mass-energy equivalence | Study the properties and composition of the nucleus, Understand radioactivity and decay laws, Solve numerical problems on nuclear binding energy and mass-energy equivalence |
| Semiconductor Electronics | Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, p-n junction, Diodes and their applications, Transistors, Logic gates | Understand the concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, Solve problems on p-n junction diodes and transistors, Study the applications of logic gates |
| Communication Systems | Elements of communication systems, Modulation and demodulation, Bandwidth of signals, Satellite communication | Memorize the elements of communication systems, Understand modulation and demodulation techniques, Study the applications of satellite communication |
Unit 1 – Electrostatics (9%)
Electric charges and their conservation. Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines; electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole; torque, Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet,
Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges: equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipoles in an electrostatic field Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance.
Unit 2 – Current electricity (8%)
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity and mobility, and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity.
Carbon resistors, colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance, Kirchoff’s laws and simple applications. Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge, Potentiometer-principle and applications to measure potential difference and for comparing emf of two cells; measurement of internal resistance of a cell
Unit 3 – Magnetic effects of current and magnetism (5%)
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment. Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors – definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer – its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter, Para -, dia-and ferro-magnetic substances, with examples.
Unit 4 – Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current (8%)
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and current; Lenz’s law, eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance.
Alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, wattles current
Unit 5 – Electromagnetic Waves (5%)
Need for displacement current Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only). Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, micro waves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.
Unit 6 – Optics (3%)
Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens-maker’s formula. Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact combination of a lens and a mirror. Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.
Scattering of light – blue color of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset. Optical instruments: Human eye, image formation and accommodation, correction of eye defects (myopia and hyper myopia) using lenses. Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.
Wave optics: Wavefront and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts.
Unit 7 – Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation (6%)
Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation – particle nature of light. Matter waves – wave nature of particles, deBrogile relation. Davisson-Germer experiment (experimental details should be omitted; only conclusion should be explained)
Unit 8 – Atoms and nuclei (3%)
Alpha – particle scattering experiments; Rutherford’s model fo atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones.
Radioactivity – alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties decay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect, nuclear fission and fusion
Unit 9 – Electronic Devices (9%)
Energy bands in soilds (qualitative ideas only), conductors, insulators and semiconductors; semiconductor diode, photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier, Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR).
There is a lot of similarity between 11th physics & 12th physics section. Both involve studying too many concepts and equations and problem but in examination, the question that you get are not easy to solve. To know how to approach these questions, the best way is to practice questions at home throughout your preparation time. In the time table make sure you have kept time for solving to many questions. Even if you take up 15-30 questions every day from books, you will be ready for the exam as well as be confident about NEET.
NEET is an examination for National level. Besides the clear concepts, it also demands in-depth knowledge of the subject. For that, you should refer to good books. This will help you with clearing concepts as well as will make you more knowledgeable. Also, you can refer to YB study material which covers the whole syllabus with interactive design and allows you to practice questions.
Here are the links distributed into two columns: