MCQ on Liver and its Disease

The liver is the largest organ of vertebrate beings, which has an irregular shape and a dark red color. It is located in the right anterior part of the abdomen and is covered by a fibrous capsule. The liver plays an important role in metabolic activities such as the synthesis of plasmatic proteins, storing vitamins, removing substances that are harmful to the body from the blood, etc.

Dysfunction in the liver leads to cause various disorders such as hepatocarcinoma (liver cancer), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and several congenital diseases such as Dubin-Johnson syndrome and Gilbert syndrome and hepatitis (A, B, and C), liver cirrhosis, etc.

MCQ on Liver and its Disease

1. Which of the following statements is true about the weight of the human liver?
(a) 1.30 kg to 1.56 kg
(b) 1.44 kg to 1.66 kg
(c) 1.36 kg to 1.71 kg
(d) 1.68 kg to 1.86 kg
Answer: (b)
Explanation: The average weight of a healthy adult human liver ranges between 1.44 and 1.66 kilograms, making it the largest internal organ.

2. Which of the following is the function of the human liver?
(a) Production of bile
(b) Metabolization of fats
(c) Metabolization of carbohydrates
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d)
Explanation: The liver plays multiple roles such as bile secretion, metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, and detoxifying harmful substances.

3. Albumin is the most important protein in blood serum. It is produced by:
(a) Heart
(b) Lungs
(c) Liver
(d) Endocrine glands
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Albumin, which helps maintain osmotic pressure and transport molecules, is synthesized exclusively in the liver.

4. Which is the largest gland in the human body?
(a) Hypothalamus
(b) Liver
(c) Thyroid
(d) Pancreas
Answer: (b)
Explanation: The liver is the largest gland in the human body, weighing around 1.5 kg and involved in numerous metabolic functions.

5. Which of the following vitamins is stored in the liver?
(a) Vitamin K
(b) Vitamin D
(c) Vitamin E
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d)
Explanation: The liver stores fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K and releases them into the blood when needed.

6. Cirrhosis is a liver disease described by the abnormal structure and functioning of the liver. This is mainly diagnosed by:
(a) Blood test
(b) Liver biopsy
(c) Physical examination
(d) All of the above
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Cirrhosis is confirmed by a liver biopsy, where a small tissue sample is examined to assess scarring and liver function.

7. The most common type of incurable viral hepatitis in the United States is:
(a) Hepatitis A
(b) Hepatitis B
(c) Hepatitis C
(d) Hepatitis D
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Hepatitis C is a chronic viral infection of the liver that can lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer if untreated.

8. Severe, acute, or incurable liver disease results in:
(a) Blood clotting
(b) Production of blood proteins
(c) Elimination of water, drugs, and toxins from the body
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Liver failure affects blood clotting, protein synthesis, and detoxification—leading to severe metabolic and physiological consequences.

9. Drinking too much alcohol over long periods results in:
(a) Fascioliasis
(b) Fatty liver disease
(c) Alcoholic liver disease
(d) Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Chronic alcohol consumption causes alcoholic liver disease, which progresses from fatty liver to cirrhosis and liver failure.

10. Which of the following is not an example of liver disease?
(a) Fascioliasis
(b) Chickenpox
(c) Fatty liver disease
(d) Gilbert’s syndrome
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Chickenpox is a viral skin infection and does not affect the liver directly, unlike the other listed conditions.

11. Where is the liver located in the human body?
(a) On the left side of the chest
(b) Beside the pancreas
(c) On top of the kidneys
(d) In the upper right portion of the abdomen
Answer: (d)
Explanation: The liver is located in the upper right quadrant of the abdominal cavity, just beneath the diaphragm.

12. Which of the following statements is true about the human liver?
(a) Liver is triangular in shape
(b) Liver is the only visceral organ that can regenerate
(c) Liver is the largest internal organ of the human body
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d)
Explanation: The liver is triangular, regenerative, and the largest internal organ, performing hundreds of essential metabolic tasks.

13. Liver functions include all the following except:
(a) Excretion of bile
(b) Glycogenolysis
(c) Glycogenesis
(d) Formation of essential amino acids
Answer: (d)
Explanation: The liver metabolizes amino acids but does not synthesize essential amino acids, which must come from the diet.