MCQ on Environment with Answers Pdf

We all are very known that for Environmental Science is one of the most important subject which not only decides the careers of many a young students but also improve their ability of analytical and there nature of thinking. Most of the students believe that Environmental Study is a scoring subject. On behalf of ybstudy.com we are going to present simple, systematic and illustrative manner and easier to students to understand and appreciate this MCQ on Environment in all the way. While writing this Cell Biology MCQ for class 11 and 12, NEET, CET, NET, SET our goal has been to present a clear idea, interesting, systematic and thoroughly understandable. Study from these Environment MCQ for Competitive Exam not only serves in an introduction to the study of Environment but also carry the students on to such a level that he can read and write.

Environment can be defined as a sum total of all the living (Biotic) and non-living (Abiotic) elements and their effects which influence human life is called as Environment. The environment is everything around us. All our surroundings including the air, soil, water, plants, and animals make up the environment. Plants and animals need a healthy environment to survive. An ecosystem is an area where living organisms interact in a specific way with the local environment to survive. It consists of atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. Its chief components are soil, water, air, organisms and solar energy.

There are two different types of environment: Geographical Environment, Man-made Environment. In order to obtain the essential resources for their survival, humans depend on the environment. Food, drinking water, fiber for clothing, timber, coal and natural gas are some of the major resources. Humans also utilize different aspects of the environment to develop their civilization. The environment provides us with resources for production which include renewable and non-renewable resources. Our environment provides a wide range of benefits, such as the air we breathe, the food we eat and the water we drink, as well as the many materials needed in our homes, at work.

MCQ on Environment with Answers Pdf

Question 1: The study of living organisms with the environment is known as ____________
a) Ecosystem
b) Environment
c) Ecology
d) Cell Biology
Answer: C
Explanation: Ecology is the branch of biology that studies how organisms interact with each other and their environment.

Question 2: What is pedology?
a) Study of the effect of light on plant growth
b) Study of leaves
c) Study of climate
d) Study of soil
Answer: D
Explanation: Pedology is the scientific study of soil, including its formation, classification, and mapping.

Question 3: A mutually beneficial association necessary for the survival of both partners is_________
a) mutualism / symbiosis
b) commensalism
c) amensalism
d) both A and B.
Answer: A
Explanation: Mutualism or symbiosis is when both organisms benefit and depend on each other for survival.

Question 4: Which of the following describe the study of group of the population?
a) Synecology
b) Autecology
c) Biomes
d) Natality
Answer: A
Explanation: Synecology deals with the study of groups of organisms in relation to their environment.

Question 5: Red data book provides data on?
a) Red lions
b) Red birds
c) List of plant and animals
d) Endangered plants and animals
Answer: D
Explanation: Red Data Book contains lists of threatened and endangered species of plants and animals.

Question 6: Micro environment is ________
a) Environment very close to an organism
b) General environment
c) Environment of a certain area
d) None of these
Answer: A
Explanation: Micro environment refers to the immediate surroundings of an organism affecting its life.

Question 7: Macro environment is _______
a) Environment very close to an organism
b) General environment
c) Overall environment of a certain area.
d) All of these
Answer: B
Explanation: Macro environment includes the broader physical and social conditions influencing ecosystems.

Question 8: What is so important about the troposphere?
a) Layer of water at or near earth’s Surface
b) Contains ozone
c) It contains weather and therefore the oxygen that we breathe
d) All of the above
Answer: A
Explanation: The troposphere is the lowest layer where weather changes occur and supports life.

Question 9: Ozone is________
a) harmful in the upper atmosphere
b) beneficial in the upper atmosphere
c) beneficial in the lower atmosphere
d) harmful in the upper atmosphere and beneficial in the lower atmosphere
Answer: B
Explanation: Ozone in the upper atmosphere protects Earth from harmful UV radiation.

Question 10: The main source of water pollution is_______
a) Sewage water
b) Industrial pollutants
c) Acid rain
d) None of the above
Answer: A
Explanation: Untreated sewage water is the leading cause of water pollution in rivers and lakes.

Question 11: Ozone layer of upper atmosphere is being destroyed by:
a) Cholorifluorocarbon
b) SO2
c) Photochemical oxidants
d) smog
Answer: A
Explanation: CFCs break down ozone molecules in the stratosphere, leading to ozone layer depletion.

Question 12: Environment is sum of ________ factors effecting an organism.
a) Some
b) Two
c) All
d) None
Answer: C
Explanation: Environment includes all biotic and abiotic factors influencing an organism.

Question 13: Select the correct statement about ozone hole out of the following_______
a) It is thinning of ozone layer of stratosphere at some place
b) It is a hole formed in the troposphere from which ozone oozed out
c) It is a hole formed in the stratosphere from which ozone oozed out
d) It means vanishing of ozone layer around the earth completely
Answer: A
Explanation: The ozone hole refers to the thinning, not complete disappearance, of ozone in the stratosphere.

Question 14: A pollutant is any substance, chemical or other factor that changes___________
a) natural geochemical cycle
b) the natural balance of our environment
c) the natural flora of our environment
d) the natural wildlife of our region
Answer: B
Explanation: A pollutant disturbs the ecological balance by affecting air, water, or soil quality.

Question 15: What is correct for the given statement?
Statement P: Environmental study is linked with ecology
Statement Q: Ecology is included in environmental study.
a) Both statements are true
b) Both statements are wrong
c) P is right and Q is wrong
d) P is wrong and Q is right
Answer: A
Explanation: Environmental studies include various aspects including ecology, which is the base for understanding environmental processes.

Question 16: Formation of ozone in the upper atmosphere from oxygen takes place by the action of___________
a) Nitrogen oxide
b) Ultraviolet rays
c) Cosmic rays
d) Free radicals
Answer: B
Explanation: UV rays split oxygen molecules, leading to the formation of ozone.

Question 17: Which of the following units is used to measure the intensity of noise?
a) Decibel
b) Phon
c) Hz
d) Watts / m
Answer: A
Explanation: The intensity of sound or noise is measured in decibels (dB).

Question 18: Human ear is most sensitive to noise in which of the following frequency range?
a) 1-2 kHz
b) 100-500 Hz
c) 10-12 kHz
d) 13-16 kHz
Answer: D
Explanation: The human ear is most sensitive to high-frequency sounds between 13 to 16 kHz.

Question 19: Contamination of radioactive materials is dangerous because it causes
a) biological magnification
b) gene mutation
c) photochemical smog
d) ozone destruction
Answer: B
Explanation: Radioactive substances cause gene mutations, which can lead to cancers and genetic disorders.

Question 20: Biotic component of the environment does not include__________
a) Micro-organism system
b) Plant system
c) Animal system
d) Soil system
Answer: D
Explanation: Soil is an abiotic (non-living) component of the environment, unlike plants or animals.

Question 21: Lichens are the best indicator of_________
a) Noise pollution
b) Soil pollution
c) Water pollution
d) Air pollution
Answer: D
Explanation: Lichens are sensitive to air pollution and are used as bioindicators of air quality.

Question 22: BOD stands for_________
a) Biotic Oxygen Demand
b) Biological Organic Decay
c) Biological Organism Death
d) Biochemical Oxygen Demand
Answer: D
Explanation: BOD indicates the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic organisms to break down organic matter.

Question 23: The word ‘Ecology’ was coined in 1866 by_________
a) Ernst Haeckel
b) Charles Darwin
c) Robert Whittaker
d) Arthur Tansley
Answer: A
Explanation: Ernst Haeckel introduced the term ‘Ecology’ to describe the study of relationships between organisms and their environment.

Question 24: The term ‘ecosystem’ was enunciated by________
a) A.G. Tansley
b) E.P. Odum
c) G. Mendal
d) C.C. Park
Answer: A
Explanation: A.G. Tansley introduced the concept of an ecosystem as the interaction between living and non-living components.

Question 25: Which one of the following is related to ozone formation?
a) Photosynthesis process
b) Photochemical process
c) Chemosynthesis process
d) Hydrolysis process
Answer: B
Explanation: Ozone is formed in the upper atmosphere through photochemical reactions involving UV radiation.

Question 26: An artificial ecosystem is represented by_________
a) Aquarium
b) Agriculture land
c) Pisciculture tank
d) Zoo
Answer: A
Explanation: An aquarium is a human-made ecosystem where all necessary conditions are maintained artificially.

Question 27: The Ozone layer restricts__________
a) Ultraviolet radiation
b) X-rays and Gamma rays
c) Infrared radiation
d) Visible light
Answer: A
Explanation: The ozone layer absorbs harmful UV radiation from the sun, protecting life on Earth.

Question 28: The dissolution of ozone layer causes ozone hole in the blanket surrounding the atmosphere. What are the ill effects of ozone hole?
a) Green house effect
b) Global warming
c) Acid rain
d) UV rays reaching the earth
Answer: D
Explanation: Thinning of the ozone layer allows more UV rays to reach Earth, leading to health and environmental hazards.

Question 29: Which of the following can be considered as the best example of primary air pollutants?
a) Carbon dioxide released from burning of coal
b) Sulfur trioxide
c) Ozone produced in photochemical smog
d) Carbon dioxide released through photosynthesis
Answer: A
Explanation: CO₂ released directly from combustion is a primary pollutant as it enters the atmosphere unchanged.

Question 30: Why does the oxygen concentration in the water decrease when sewage is discharged into a river?
a) Decrease in the number of plants
b) Increase in the number of fish
c) Less oxygen absorbed from the air
d) Rapid growth of bacteria
Answer: D
Explanation: Sewage promotes bacterial growth, which consumes oxygen, thus depleting oxygen levels in water.

Question 31: Which of the following best illustrates a secondary air pollutant?
a) CO₂, released from the burning of coal
b) NO₂, released from the burning of oil
c) Ozone produced in photochemical smog
d) None of the above
Answer: C
Explanation: Ozone formed during smog formation is a secondary pollutant created through chemical reactions in the atmosphere.

Question 32: Greenhouse gases are_________
a) absorb large wave radiations from the earth
b) are transparent to both large and short
c) absorb solar radiations for warming the atmosphere of earth
d) are transparent to emissions from the earth for passage into outer space
Answer: A
Explanation: Greenhouse gases trap long-wave infrared radiation from Earth, contributing to warming.

Question 33: The chronological order of human evolution from early to the recent is_________
a) Australopithecus > Ramapithecus > Homo habilis > Homo erectus
b) Ramapithecus > Australopithecus > Homo habilis > Homo erectus
c) Ramapithecus > Homo habilis > Australopithecus > Homo erectus
d) Australopithecus > Homo habilis > Ramapithecus > Homo erectus
Answer: B
Explanation: Ramapithecus evolved first, followed by Australopithecus, then Homo habilis, and later Homo erectus.

Question 34: Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the origin of life?
I. Formation of protobionts
II. Synthesis of organic monomers
III. Synthesis of organic polymers
IV. Formation of DNA-based genetic systems
a) I, II, III, IV
b) II, III, I, IV
c) I, III, II, IV
d) II, III, IV, I
Answer: B
Explanation: Organic monomers formed first, followed by polymers, protobionts, and then genetic systems.

Question 35: Which air pollutant could cause rains to be acidic?
a) Dust particles from cement factories
b) Insecticides from crop sprays
c) Smoke from wood fires
d) Sulfur dioxide from coal-fired power stations
Answer: D
Explanation: Sulfur dioxide reacts with water in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid, leading to acid rain.

Question 36: The most harmful types of environment pollutants are________
a) human organic wastes
b) wastes from faecal
c) non-biodegradable chemicals
d) Natural nutrients present in excess
Answer: C
Explanation: Non-biodegradable chemicals persist in the environment and accumulate in living organisms, causing harm.

Question 37: Green house effect is caused due to________
a) infra-red rays reaching the earth
b) Moisture layer in the atmosphere
c) increase in temperature due to increase in carbon dioxide concentration of atmosphere
d) the ozone layer of atmosphere
Answer: C
Explanation: CO₂ traps heat in the atmosphere, increasing global temperatures — known as the greenhouse effect.

Question 38: Acid rains are produced by__________
a) excess NO₂ and SO₂ from burning fossil fuels
b) Excess production of NH₃ by industry and coal gas
c) excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion
d) Excess formation of CO₂ by combustion and animal respiration
Answer: A
Explanation: NO₂ and SO₂ combine with water vapor to form nitric and sulfuric acids, leading to acid rain.

Question 39: Competition for light, nutrients and space is most severe between
a) closely related organism growing in different niches
b) closely related organisms growing in the same area / niche
c) distantly related organisms growing in the same habitat
d) distantly related organisms growing in different niches
Answer: B
Explanation: Organisms of the same species or niche compete for the same limited resources, making competition intense.

Question 40: What is true of the ecosystem?
a) primary consumers are least dependent upon producers
b) primary consumers out-number producers
c) producers are more than primary consumers
d) secondary consumers are the largest and most powerful
Answer: C
Explanation: Producers form the base of the food chain and are more in number to support all higher trophic levels.

Question 41: What is ‘Greenhouse Gas Protocol’?
a) It is an international accounting solution for government and business leaders to understand, quantify and manage greenhouse gas emissions.
b) It is a United Nations initiative to provide financial incentives to developing countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adopt eco-friendly technologies.
c) It is an intergovernmental agreement ratified by all member states of the United Nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to a specified level by the year 2022.
d) This is one of the multilateral REDD+ initiatives funded by the World Bank.
Answer: A
Explanation: The Greenhouse Gas Protocol provides standardized methods for measuring and managing greenhouse gas emissions.