Quiz on Heart Failure: 

1. What is heart failure?

A. A condition in which the heart stops beating

B. A condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs

C. A heart attack

D. A condition in which the patient experiences chest pain

Answer: B

2. Which of the following definitions of heart failure is correct_______

A. Cardiac output is normal 

B. Cardiac output per stroke is lower than normal

C. Cardiac index is lower than normal 

D. The absolute or relative reduction of cardiac output is insufficient to meet the metabolic needs of systemic tissues

Answer: D

3. The earliest change that occurs when cardiac function decreases is_________

A. Decreased cardiac output 

B. Decreased cardiac reserve 

C. Decreased cardiac index 

D. Decreased ejection fraction 

Answer: B

4. In Cardiac asthma__________

A. Decreased norepinephrine concentration 

B. Insufficient norepinephrine synthesis in hypertrophic myocardium

C. Excessive norepinephrine consumption 

D. Decreased sympathetic nerve distribution density in hypertrophic myocardium per unit weight

Answer: A

5. Which of the following is not a type of heart failure__________

A. myocardial heart failure. 

B. Left-sided heart failure

C. Right-sided heart failure

D. Congestive heart failure

Answer: A

6. Which of the following causes does not lead to increased cardiac pressure load_______

A. Aortic stenosis 

B. Pulmonary stenosis 

C. Mitral regurgitation 

D. Hypertension 

Answer: C

7. Which of the following does not cause an increase in cardiac volume load________

A. Mitral regurgitation 

B. Aortic regurgitation 

C. Ventricular septal defect 

D. Pulmonary artery High pressure 

Answer: D

8. What are the common signs and symptoms of heart failure?

A. Shortness of breath or trouble breathing

B. Fatigue

C. Swelling

D. All of the above

Answer: D

9. Which of the following changes is unlikely in heart failure________

A. Cardiac index greater than normal 

B. Ejection fraction greater than normal 

C. Increased heart rate 

D. Normal arterial pressure 

Answer: B

10. Regarding cardiac preload, which of the following statements is correct_________

A. Refers to the tension that the ventricular ejection must overcome 

B. Also known as a pressure load 

C. Refers to the volume load before the heart contracts

D. Refers to Circulating blood volume 

Answer: C

11. Which of the following statements is incorrect about cardiac afterload_______

A. Also known as a pressure load 

B. Determines the initial length of myocardial contraction 

C. Refers to the Load

D. Pulmonary hypertension can lead to increased right ventricular afterload 

Answer: B

12. The following hypertrophic myocardium changes from compensation to decompensation The reasons for which one is wrong________

A. Decreased intramyocardial norepinephrine content 

B. Excessive proliferation of myocardial cells

C. Coronary microcirculation disorder 

D. Relative reduction of myocardial cell membrane surface area.

Answer: B

13. Which of the following indicators best reflects the weakening of myocardial contractility in heart failure________

A. Decreased cardiac output 

B. Decreased cardiac index 

C. Decreased ejection fraction 

D. Increased pulmonary arterial pressure 

Answer: C

14. Most common in heart failure The acid-base balance disorder is_______

A. Metabolic acidosis 

B. Metabolic alkalosis 

C. Respiratory acidosis 

D. Respiratory alkalosis 

Answer: A

15. Which of the following is not a cause of heart failure________

A. Increased cardiac load 

B. Infection 

C. Diffuse cardiomyopathy 

D. Severe arrhythmia

Answer: B

16. Which of the following causes does not cause high cardiac output heart failure_______

A. Hyperthyroidism 

B. Anemia 

C. VitB1 deficiency  

D. Mitral valve stenosis

Answer: D

17. In heart failure, which change is unlikely to occur in the body________

A. Strengthen myocardial contractility through stress-induced expansion 

B. Sympathetic nerve excitation increases heart rate

C. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, Increase blood volume

D. Arterial pressure and venous pressure can be kept normal

Answer: D

18. The statement about the rapid heart rate in heart failure is incorrect_______

A. Regardless of acute or chronic heart failure, heart rate quickens

B. Rapid heart rate is the most easily mobilized compensatory activity

C. The faster the heart rate, the better the compensatory effect 

D. The increased heart rate may be related to sympathetic nerve excitation 

Answer: C

19. Which statement about cardiac hypertrophy is incorrect__________

A. Cardiac hypertrophy mainly refers to the increase in the volume and weight of cardiac muscle cells 

B. Cardiac hypertrophy is a more economical and durable way of compensation

C. Concentric hypertrophy and eccentric hypertrophy All have important compensatory significance 

D. Hypertrophic myocardial contractility per unit weight increases.

Answer: D