MCQs on Microbiology with Answers:

What is Microbiology?

• Microbiology is generally defined as the study of life activities called microorganisms that are difficult to see with the naked eye.
• These microscopic organisms include viruses that cannot live independently without cell structures, subviral agents (satellite viruses, satellite RNAs, epiviruses), bacteria with prokaryotic cell structures, archaea, and fungi with eukaryotic cell structures (yeast, molds), etc.), unicellular algae, protozoa, etc.
• Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek is a Dutch microbiologist and a pioneer of microbiology. He first discovered bacteria with a self-made microscope.
• There are various branches of microbiology such as Bacteriology, Immunology, Mycology, Industrial microbiology, etc.
• Microbiology focuses on the structure, function, and classification of these organisms and looks for ways to exploit and control their activities.
• Microbiology is applied in everyday life; in food production, biodegradation, phytoremediation, commercial-product production, biotechnology, and genetic engineering.
• There are various dishes in which microorganisms are needed. For example, for the making of curd and cheese, microorganisms are needed.

Microbiology MCQ with Answers Pdf: 

1. Wet mount slide preparations are used in microbiology as they allow us to see_______

a) Size and shape of individual organisms

b) Characteristic arrangement or grouping of cells

c) Motility of the organism

d) All of these

Answer: D

2. The sterilizing agent is________

a) Ethylene oxide

b) Oxygen

c) Nitrogen

d) Carbon tetrachloride

Answer: A

3. Who is commonly known as “the Father of Microbiology”?

a) Robert Hooke

b) Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek

c) Carl Linnaeus

d) Charles Darwin

Answer: B

3. Which of the following are produced by microorganisms?

a) Alcoholic beverages

b) Fermented dairy products

c) Bread

d) All of the mentioned

Answer: D

4. Industrial microbiology, mainly depends on the phenomenon______

a) Pasteurisation

b) Fermentation

c) Vaccination

d) Both b and c

Answer: B

5. What is Microbiology?

a) Study of molecules that are visible to human eyes

b) Study of animals and their family

c) Study of organisms that are not visible to the naked eyes

d) Study of microscope

Answer: C

6. The structural and functional level of the organization of living matter, at which the processes and phenomena occurring in the cell are studied, are called: 

a) cellular

b) Organ

c) tissue

d) None of these

Answer: A

7. The source of energy released during glycolysis is:

a) Protein

b) Glucose

c) ATP

d) Fat

Answer: C

8. The highest level of organization of life is: 

a) biosphere

b) biogeocenotic

c) molecular

d) cellular

Answer: A

9. Which of these bacterial components is least likely to contain useful antigens?

a) Cell wall

b) Flagella

c) Ribosomes

d) Capsule​

Answer: C

10. Which lamp is used for bacteria-filling purposes?

a) Low-pressure mercury lamps

b) fluorescent lamp

c) Both

d) None of these

Answer: C

11. Which bacteria is used in producing alcohol?

a) Clostridium acetobutylicum,

b) Klebsiella pneumonia,

c) Zymomonas mobilis.

d) All of these

Answer: D

12. What is a Decolorizer in microbiology?

a) Ethanol

b) Salt

c) Methylene blue

d) crystal violet

Answer: A

13. Which type of bacteria is round?

a) coccus

b) spiral

c) Rod

d) None of these

Answer: A

14. What is the bacteria size range?

a) About 1 µm to 5 µms

b) About 1m to 5 mm

c) 8cm

d) None of these

Answer: A

15. Viruses are classified as precellular organisms because they: 

a) do not contain a nucleus

b) Not able to self-metabolize

c) are parasites

d) unable to reproduce

Answer: B

16. A common property for all levels of life organization is:

a) the complexity of the system structure

b) the manifestation of patterns operating at each level of the organization

c) the homogeneity of the elements that make up the system

d) the similarity of qualities that different systems possess

Answer: B

17. The main biogenic elements are:

a) potassium, sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine

b) carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen

c) calcium, magnesium, iron, sulfur

d) zinc, silver, sodium, copper

Answer: B

18. The main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the lack of: 

a) Ribosome

b) DNA

c) Cellular structure

d) True Nucleus

Answer: D

19. The function of storing genetic information in a eukaryotic cell is performed by:

a) cell cytoplasm

b) Nuclear chromosomes

c) Nucleoid

d) Nucleolus

Answer: B

20. A prokaryotic cell has: 

a) Nucleoid with DNA

b) Real core

c) Golgi apparatus

d) Homologous chromosome

Answer: A

21. The energy of the complete oxidation of glucose goes to: 

a) ATP synthesis and then used by the body

b) Synthesis of proteins, and then the synthesis of ATP

c) The formation of oxygen

d) Synthesis of carbohydrates

Answer: A

22. Protein synthesis and chromosome duplication occur in:

a) Prophase

b) Metaphase

c) Interphase

d) Anaphase

Answer: C

23. The longest phase in the life cycle of a cell is:

a) Prophase

b) Metaphase

c) Anaphase

d) Interphase

Answer: D

24. Direct cell division is: 

a) Amitosis

b) Mitosis

c) Meiosis

d) None of these

Answer: A

25. The biological significance of mitosis: 

a) Strictly uniform distribution of chromosomes between the nuclei of two daughter cells

b) Halving the number of chromosomes

c) Both

d) None of these

Answer: A

26. In modern taxonomy, to classify an organism into one or another systematic category, one examines:

a) Signs of relationship and morphophysiological similarity

b) Signs of external similarity of organisms

c) Organizational level only

d) Only genetic analysis

Answer: A

27. Mushrooms are close to some plants: 

a) reproduction by spores

b) Autotrophic mode of nutrition

c) Heterotrophic mode of nutrition

d) The presence of conductive vessels

Answer: A

28. The common property of all animals is:

a) Multicellularity

b) The ability to autotrophic nutrition

c) Eukaryotic structure of cells d) The presence of the nervous system

Answer: C

29. Variation is a property of organisms that provides: 

a) Similarities between parents and offspring

b) Differences between individuals within a species

c) Interspecific similarity of organisms

d) Changing organisms during life

Answer: A

30. Specify the provisions of the Darwinian theory of evolution: 

a) The smallest difference between organisms can make a difference in their survival.

b) In nature, the most adapted individuals often survive and leave offspring.

c) The evolutionary process is divided into micro-and macroevolution

d) All of these

Answer: D

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