Physical Chemistry Chapters for NEET 2025
Physical Chemistry Chapters for NEET: Physical Chemistry is a crucial part of the NEET exam syllabus. Medical aspirants preparing for NEET 2024 need to study Physical Chemistry thoroughly to score well in the Chemistry section and the overall exam.
The NEET 2024 Chemistry syllabus has been updated, with some chapters removed and others added or modified. The syllabus is divided into three sections: Physical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, and Inorganic Chemistry.
Previously, the NEET Chemistry syllabus was divided into Class 11 and Class 12 topics. NEET is the most competitive undergraduate medical entrance exam, assessing candidates in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology.
The Chemistry section consists of 50 questions (35 in Section A and 15 in Section B), with candidates required to attempt 45 questions (10 out of 15 questions in Section B). The NEET 2024 exam was conducted on May 5, 2024. In this article from Shiksha, we present the important Physical Chemistry chapters for NEET 2024.
Physical Chemistry Chapters for NEET
Here is we have given the detailed Physical Chemistry syllabus for NEET presented in below table.
| Unit | Topics |
|---|---|
| Unit I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry | Matter and its nature, Dalton’s atomic theory: Concept of atom, molecule, element, and compound. Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae: Chemical equations and stoichiometry. |
| Unit II: Atomic Structure | Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of the hydrogen atom. Bohr model of a hydrogen atom – its postulates, derivation of the relations for the energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr’s model; Dual nature of matter, de Broglie’s relationship. Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanical model of the atom, its important features. Concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions: Variation of Ψ and Ψ2 with r for 1s and 2s orbitals: various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum, and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance; shapes of s, p, and d – orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number: Rules for filling electrons in orbits – Aufbau principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals. |
| Unit III: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure | Kossel-Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, the concept of ionic and covalent bonds. Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy. Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity, Fajan’s rule, dipole moment; Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and shapes of simple molecules. Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory – its important features. the concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals; Resonance. Molecular orbital Theory – Its important features. LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, the concept of bond order, bond length, and bond energy. Elementary idea of metallic bonding. Hydrogen bonding and its applications. |
| Unit IV: Chemical Thermodynamics | Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, types of processes. The first law of thermodynamics – Concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess’s law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, hydration, ionization, and solution. The second law of thermodynamics – Spontaneity of processes: ΔS of the universe and ΔG of the system as criteria for spontaneity. Standard Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant. |
| Unit V: Solutions | Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution – molality, molarity, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), the vapour pressure of solutions and Raoult’s law – Ideal and non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure – composition plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions: colligative properties of dilute solutions – relative lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, elevation of boiling point and osmotic pressure; Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties; Abnormal value of molar mass, Van’t Hoff Factor and its significance. |
| Unit VI: Equilibrium | Meaning of equilibrium, the concept of dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid-liquid, liquid-gas, and solid-gas equilibria, Henry’s law. General characteristics of equilibrium involving physical processes. Equilibrium involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance, the significance of ΔG and ΔG° in chemical equilibrium, factors affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, the effect of catalyst; Le Chatelier’s principle. Ionic equilibrium: weak and strong electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and Lewis) and their ionization, acid-base equilibria (including multistage ionization) and ionization constants, ionization of water, pH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions, the solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products, buffer solutions. |
| Unit VII: Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry | Electronic concepts of oxidation-reduction, redox reactions, oxidation numbers, rules for assigning oxidation numbers, balancing of redox reactions. Electrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions, molar conductivities and their variation with concentration, Kohlrausch’s law and its applications. Electrochemical Cells – Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half-cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement: Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs’ energy change: Dry cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells. |
| Unit VIII: Chemical Kinetics | Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure, and catalyst; elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constants and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first-order reactions, their characteristics and half-lives, the effect of temperature on the rate of reactions, Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation). |
How to Study Physical Chemistry for NEET 2025
Studying Physical Chemistry Chapters for NEET UG can be challenging but is crucial for achieving a good score. Here are some key strategies and tips to help you prepare effectively:
- Understand the Syllabus: Focus on important topics like the Mole Concept, Stoichiometry, Thermodynamics, Chemical Kinetics, and Equilibrium. Each of these topics carries significant weight in the NEET exam.
- Master the Basics: Ensure you have a strong grasp of the fundamental concepts from NCERT textbooks for classes 11 and 12. This is essential as many NEET questions are based directly on NCERT content.
- Practice Regularly: Solve previous years’ question papers and take mock tests to get a feel for the exam pattern and to improve your speed and accuracy. Practice a variety of questions to cover all possible types.
- Use Mind Maps and Formula Sheets: Create mind maps to interlink different concepts and use formula sheets for quick revisions. This will help in avoiding lengthy notes and make last-minute revisions easier.
- Simplify Calculations: Learn to use approximate values for complex calculations to save time during the exam. For example, use 10 instead of 9.8 for acceleration due to gravity.
- Focus on Weak Areas: Identify and work on your weak areas well in advance. Use online resources and videos to clarify doubts and strengthen these topics.
- Regular Review and Revision: Consistently review and revise topics you have already covered to keep them fresh in your memory. Scheduled revision sessions are crucial for long-term retention.
By following these strategies and maintaining a disciplined study routine, you can effectively prepare for the Physical Chemistry Chapters for NEET UG exam. For more detailed guidance and resources, you can visit the ybstudy NEET UG Physical Chemistry guide.
FAQs on Physical Chemistry Chapters for NEET
Q1. What are the chapters of physical chemistry in NEET?
Answer: Some important chapters in Physical Chemistry for NEET include Atomic Structure, Chemical Bonding, Thermodynamics, Chemical Equilibrium, Redox Reactions, Electrochemistry, and Solutions.
Q2. Which chapters are included in physical chemistry class 11 and 12?
Answer: Physical Chemistry Chapters in NEET from Class 11: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, Structure of Atom, Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure, States of Matter: Gases and Liquids, Thermodynamics, Equilibrium and Redox Reactions
Physical Chemistry chapters from Class 12: Solid State, Solutions, Electrochemistry, Chemical Kinetics, Surface Chemistry
Q3: What is the weightage of class 11th and class 12th syllabus in NEET Chemistry syllabus?
Answer: There is no specific number to denote the weightage of class 11th and class 12th NEET Chemistry syllabus. According to some subject experts, class 12th holds a slightly higher weightage than class 11th.
Q4: Is it necessary to give mock tests before appearing for the NEET exam?
Answer: Yes, mock tests are very helpful for scoring outstanding marks in NEET 2024. Students must take mock tests as if they are real exams. This practice will improve accuracy, enhance concepts, and help in managing time during the actual NEET exam.
Q5: Which books are the best to prepare for the NEET Chemistry syllabus?
Answer: NCERT books are highly recommended as they cover all the topics and concepts important for the NEET 2024 exam. Students should thoroughly read and revise all chapters from NCERT books before the NEET exam.