Cell Cycle and Cell Division NEET Questions
Cell Cycle and Cell Division NEET Questions are provided here with answers and detailed explanations. These MCQs are important from the NEET exam point of view. By practicing with these questions students will get acquainted with the key concepts which must be prepared to score high marks in the NEET and Board Exams.
Important Points to Remember about Cell Cycle and Cell Division:
- A cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. In eukaryotes, the cell cycle consists of four discrete phases: G1, S, G2, and M. The S or synthesis phase is when DNA replication occurs, and the M or mitosis phase is when the cell divides. The other two phases – G1 and G2, the so-called gap phases – are less dramatic but equally important.
- The cell plate grows from the center toward the cell walls. New cell walls are made from the vesicle contents.
- Prophase is the first stage of mitosis. In prophase the chromosomes condense, the nucleolus disappears, and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
- Metaphase is the best time to count and study the number and morphology of chromosomes.
- The stage in which daughter chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle is Anaphase.
- Cytokinesis is the process by which the cytoplasm of the parent cell divides into two daughter cells. Whereas karyokinesis is a process where the nucleus of the parent cell divides into two daughter nuclei.
- The stage between two meiotic divisions is called interkinesis and is generally short-lived. Here the cell undergoes a period of rest. No DNA replication and no gene duplication occur during this stage. It is important for bringing true haploidy into daughter cells.
- Endomitosis is the process of chromosome divides or doubles without nuclear division which leads to the formation of a polyploidy nucleus where one nucleus will have multiple sets of chromosomes.
- The most basic function of the cell cycle is to duplicate accurately the vast amount of DNA in the chromosomes and then segregate the copies precisely into two genetically identical daughter cells.
Also Read :
MCQ on Cell Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Cell Cycle and Cell Division NEET Questions
1. Which of the following is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
(1) Prophase
(2) Interphase
(3) Telophase
(4) M – phase
Answer: 2
2. First gap phase in the cell cycle is________
(1) interval between mitotic phase and DNA replication phase
(2) interval between the DNA replication phase and DNA separation phase
(3) interval between karyokinesis and cytokinesis
(4) interval between the DNA replication phase and the second gap phase
Answer: 1
3. Interphase includes in_______
(1) G0, G1, S, G2
(2) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
(3) Cytokinesis
(4) Mitosis / M-phase
Answer: 1
4. The two chromatids of a metaphase chromosome represent_______
(1) Replicated DNA to be separated at anaphase
(2) nonhomologous chromosomes joined at the centromere
(3) Pair of homologous chromosomes
(4) maternal and paternal chromosomes joined at the centromere
Answer: 1
5. The stage during which separation of the paired homologous chromosomes begins is_________
(1) Pachytene
(2) Diplotene
(3) Diakinesis
(4) Zygotene
Answer: 2
6. If you are provided with the root tips of an onion in your class and are asked to count the chromosomes which of the following stages can you most conveniently look into:
(1) Prophase
(2) Anaphase
(3) Telophase
(4) Metaphase
Answer: 4
7. In mitosis, the nuclear envelope and nucleolus disappear during________
(1) Metaphase
(2) Interphase
(3) Prophase
(4) Telophase
Answer: 3
8. This condition is necessary for a cell to qualify through the G2 checkpoint_________
(1) Cell should be of sufficient size
(2) Complete and accurate DNA replication
(3) Sufficient stockpile of nucleotides
(4) Complete attachment of mitotic spindle fibers to kinetochores
Answer: 2
9. Individual chromosomes become distinct through a light microscope during this mitotic stage_________
(1) Prometaphase
(2) Prophase
(3) Anaphase
(4) Metaphase
Answer: 2
10. Chromosome duplication without nuclear division refers to_______
(1) mitosis
(2) endomitosis
(3) meiosis
(4) androgenesis
Answer: 2
11. Recombination of genes occur at____________
(1) prophase I in meiosis
(2) prophase II in meiosis
(3) metaphase II in meiosis
(4) Prophase in mitosis
Answer: 1
12. The stage between two meiotic divisions is called interkinesis and__________
(1) Is generally short-lived and followed by prophase II
(2) Involves duplication of genes and centrioles
(3) Is followed by prophase I.
(4) Is long-lived
Answer: 1
13. A cell that is entering the mitotic phase (M-phase) of the cell cycle is______
(1) always haploid and with duplicated chromosomes
(2) either haploid or diploid and with duplicated chromosomes
(3) either haploid or diploid and with duplicated or unduplicated chromosomes
(4) always diploid and with unduplicated chromosomes
Answer: 2
Read:
- MCQ on Nucleus
- MCQ Questions on Cytoplasm
- MCQ Questions on Cell Wall
- Multiple Choice Questions on Vacuoles
14. Synaptonemal complex is a nucleoprotein structure. It is visible or found from________
(1) zygotene to pachytene
(2) leptotene to diplotene
(3) zygotene to metaphase
(4) Pachytene to diplotene
Answer: 1
15. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
(1) Leptotene – formation of bivalents
(2) Diplotene – chiasmata appear
(3) Pachytene – chiasmata formation
(4) Zygotene – formation of bouquet
Answer: 2
16. In which stage of meiosis, chromosomes are thin, long, or thread-like?
(1) Zygotene
(2) Leptotene
(3) Pachytene
(4) Diakinesis
Answer: 2
17. Meiosis involves in_________
(1) one nuclear division and one chromosome division
(2) two nuclear divisions and one chromosome division
(3) one nuclear division and two chromosome divisions
(4) Two nuclear divisions and two chromosome divisions
Answer: 2
18. In meiosis, centromeres of chromosomes divide during_________
(1) anaphase of meiosis-II
(2) metaphase of meiosis-I
(3) anaphase of meiosis-I
(4) Prophase of meiosis-II
Answer: 1
19. A cell examined during the prophase of the cell cycle contained 100 units of DNA and 50 chromosomes. What would be the number of DNA and chromosomes in the anaphase of this cell cycle?
(1) 200 DNA & 100 chromosomes
(2) 100 DNA & 50 chromosomes
(3) 100 DNA & 100 chromosomes
(4) 50 DNA & 25 chromosomes
Answer: 3
20. During the cell cycle in which phase normal components of the cell are synthesized, and assembled?
(1) S
(2) G2
(3) G1
(4) M
Answer: 3
21. Spindle fibers attach on to_________
(1) Telomere of the chromosome
(2) Kinetochore of the chromosome
(3) Centromere of the chromosome
(4) Kinetosome of the chromosome
Answer: 2
22. Which type of chromosome is present in the prophase of the cell cycle?
(1) 2 chromatid
(2) 1 chromatid
(3) 4 chromatid
(4) 8 chromatid
Answer: 1
23. A somatic cell that has just completed the S phase of its cell cycle, as compared to a gamete of the same species, has_________
(1) Same number of chromosomes but twice the amount of DNA
(2) twice the number of chromosomes and four times the amount of DNA
(3) four times the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA
(4) twice the number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA
Answer: 2
24. Arrange the following events of meiosis in the correct sequence_________
(a) Crossing over
(b) Synapsis
(c) Terminalization of charismata
(d) Disappearance of nucleolus
(1) (b), (c), (d), (a)
(2) (b), (a), (d), (c)
(3) (b), (a), (c), (d)
(4) (a), (b), (c), (d)
Answer: 3
25. Which of the following options gives the correct sequence of events during mitosis?
(1) Condensation -> nuclear membrane disassembly -> arrangement at equator -> centromere division -> segregation -> telophase
(2) Condensation -> crossing over -> nuclear membrane disassembly -> segregation -> telophase
(3) Condensation -> arrangement at equator -> centromere division -> segregation -> telophase
(4) Condensation -> nuclear membrane disassembly -> crossing over -> segregation -> telophase
Answer: 1
26. Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) is a protein degradation machinery necessary for the proper mitosis of animal cells. If APC is defective in a human cell, which of the following is expected to occur?
(1) Chromosomes will be fragmented
(2) Chromosomes will not segregate
(3) Recombination of chromosome arms will occur
(4) Chromosomes will not condense
Answer: 2
27. In meiosis crossing over is initiated at:
(1) Pachytene
(2) Leptotene
(3) Zygotene
(4) Diplotene
Answer: 1
28. During cell growth, DNA synthesis takes place in________
(1) G2 phase
(2) M phase
(3) S phase
(4) G1 phase
Answer: 3
29. When a cell has stalled DNA replication fork, which checkpoint should be predominantly activated?
(1) M
(2) Both G2 / M and M
(3) G1 / S
(4) G2 / M
Answer: 4
30. The complex formed by a pair of synapsed homologous chromosomes is called________
(1) Axoneme
(2) Equatorial plate
(3) Kinetochore
(4) Bivalent
Answer: 4
31. On which phase of the cell cycle does the amount of DNA in a diploid cell become four times as compared to a haploid cell?
(1) G1
(2) S
(3) G2, S & s
(4) Go
Answer: 2
32. During which phase (s) of the cell cycle does, the amount of DNA in a cell remains at 4C level if the initial amount is denoted as 2C?
(1) G0 and G1
(2) G1 and S
(3) Only G2
(4) G2 and s
Answer: 4
33. On the ‘S’ phase of the cell cycle_____
(1) Amount of DNA doubles in each cell.
(2) Amount of DNA remains the same in each cell.
(3) Chromosome number is increased.
(4) Amount of DNA is reduced to half in each cell.
Answer: 1
34. The enzyme recombinase is required at which stage of meiosis__________
(1) Pachytene
(2) Zygotene
(3) Diplotene
(4) Diakinesis
Answer: 1
35. Identify the meiotic stage in which the homologous chromosomes separate while the sister chromatids remain associated at their centromeres_______
(1) Anaphase I.
(2) Anaphase II
(3) Metaphase I.
(4) Metaphase II
Answer: 1
36. Which of the following is wrong about the G1 phase?
(1) G-1 Stage followed by Mitosis
(2) Cell is metabolically active
(3) Cell grows continuously
(4) Cell does not replicate its DNA
Answer: 1
37. Select the correct option concerning mitosis_________
(1) Chromatids separate but remain in the center of the cell in anaphase.
(2) Chromatids start moving towards opposite poles in telophase.
(3) Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum are still visible at the end of prophase.
(4) Chromosomes move to the spindle equator and get aligned along the equatorial plate in metaphase
Answer: 4
38. At metaphase, chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibers by their_________
(1) Centromere
(2) Satellites
(3) Secondary constrictions
(4) Kinetochores
Answer: 4
39. Meiosis is not having one of the characters out of the four given below________
(1) It involves two stages of DNA replication, “one before meiosis-I and another before meiosis-II
(2) It involves recombination and crossing over
(3) Sister chromatids separate during anaphase-II
(4) Nuclear membrane disappears during prophase
Answer: 1
40. During gamete formation, the enzyme recombinase participates during_______
(1) Prophase-I
(2) Prophase-II
(3) Metaphase-I
(4) Anaphase-II
Answer: 1
41. A cell has 46 chromosomes at each pole in mitotic telophase. on this division, the number of chromatids at the metaphase was_________
(1) 23
(2) 46
(3) 92
(4) 69
Answer: 3
42. A mouse cell is treated with a chemical that interferes with the activity of microfilaments. Which of the following will probably be affected the most?
(1) Formation of spindle fibers
(2) Division of cytoplasm
(3) Chromosome duplication
(4) Pairing of homologous chromosomes
Answer: 2
43. Number of chromosome pairs at the equator in metaphase-o of a diploid plant cell (n = 25) chromosomes) shall be__________
(1) 50
(2) 100
(3) 75
(4) 25
Answer: 4
44. How many meiotic divisions are required during the formation of 500 zygotes, if in males one meiotic division results in the formation of four male gametes and in females one meiotic division results in the formation of one female gamete?
(1) 625
(2) 500
(3) 1000
(4) 2500
Answer: 1
45. Number of chromatids in each chromosome at anaphase is__________
(1) One in mitosis, one in meiosis-I, and two in meiosis-I
(2) One in mitosis, two in meiosis-I and one in meiosis-II
(3) Two in mitosis, one in meiosis-I and two in meiosis-II
(4) Two in mitosis, two in meiosis-I and two in meiosis-II
Answer: 2
46. Which of the following is not correctly match a phase of the cell cycle with its function?
(1) Second gap phase – Period of cytoplasmic
growth
(2) First gap phase – the cost of the organelle duplication
(3) Interphase – Phase of preparation
for cell division
(4) DNA synthesis – Doubling of number of phases
chromosome in cell
Answer: 4
47. Mark incorrect statements_________
(A) Neiosis involves only a single cycle of DNA replication
(B) Four haploid cells are formed at the end of meiosis – I
(C) Meiosis occurs in diploid cells
(D) On yeast, the cell cycle takes about 90 minutes.
(1) A and B
(2) A and C
(3) Only B
(4) All are correct
Answer: 3
48. Meiosis involves in_________
(1) Pairing of homologous chromosomes and recombination between sister chromatids of nonhomologous chromosomes
(2) Pairing of homologous chromosomes and recombination between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
(3) Pairing of nonhomologous chromosomes and recombination between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
(4) Pairing of homologous chromosomes and recombination between sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
Answer: 2
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