MCQ on Ribosomes with Answers Pdf for NEET:

Ribosomes are considered to be the most important topic for any Life Science entrance examination. As it is one of the easiest topics, it is often ignored and undermined by many students. But if you want to get an edge over others, here is a tip, master MCQ on Ribosomes. As we know Cell Biology demands the attention of students in understanding Cells at the Molecular Level and concrete basic understanding but once done it only gets easier from there. Mastering the Below MCQ on Ribosomes should boost your NEET entrance exam Preparation.

This article leads you to hundreds of solved MCQs on Ribosomes which are important topics important from the NEET standpoint and Other Entrance Exams. The MCQ below lists different topics with corresponding Ribosomes MCQ, facilitating smooth learning and search experience.

Important Points to Remember about Ribosomes  : 

1. Ribosomes are a cell organelle and are granular in structure composed of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins.
2. In 1955, George E. Palade discovered ribosomes and described them as small particles in the cytoplasm that preferentially associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. 
3. The size of the ribosome and their subunits are represented by Svedberg unit.
4. There are two types of ribosomes, free and fixed (also known as membrane bound). They are identical in structure but differ in locations within the cell. They occur free in the cytoplasm as well as attached to the outer surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
5. In bacterial cells, ribosomes are synthesized in the cytoplasm through the transcription of multiple ribosome gene operons. In eukaryotes ribosomes are synthesized in the cell cytoplasm and in the nucleolus, which is a region within the cell nucleus.
6. Each ribosome consists of two subunits – a small subunit and a large subunit. They are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. In prokaryotes 70 S ribosomes and in eukaryotes 80 S ribosomes are found where ‘S’ denotes Svedberg Unit.
7. Ribosomes help in the production of protein molecules and enzymes for the cell to work efficiently.

MCQ Questions on Ribosomes with Answers Pdf:

1. Which of the following Scientist discovered ribosome for the first time?

a) George Emil Palade

b) Theodor Schwann

c) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

d) Robert Hook

Answer: A

Read : MCQ on Cell 

2. Ribosomes are made up of__________

a) DNA and protein

b) DNA alone

c) RNA and proteins

d) RNA and DNA

Answer: C

3. Sedimentation unit of ribosome is____________

a) Micron

b) Milimicron

c) Angstrom

d) Svedberg

Answer: D

Read : MCQ on Cell Organelles 

4. What is the function of nucleoli?

a) Synthesize proteins

b) Synthesize ribosomes

c) Synthesize chromosomes

d) Synthesize lysosomes

Answer: B

5. Ribosome is often called____________

a) Microsome

b) RNA particles

c) Dictyosomes

d) Oxysome

Answer: B

Read : MCQ on Lysosomes 

6. Ribosomes are present in____________

a) Eukaryotes only

b) Eukaryotes and prokaryotes

c) Prokaryotes only

d) Eukaryotes, prokaryotes and viruses

Answer: B

7. Palade particles are__________

a) Ribosomes

b) Golgi vesicles

c) Lysosomes

d) Sphaerosomes

Answer: A

Read : MCQ on Nucleus 

8. The ……………………… is a tiny granular structures and it is involved in the process of protein synthesis.

a) Nucleus

b) Chromosome

c) Chromatin

d) Ribosome

Answer: D

9. When the 50S subunit binds to the 30S subunit mRNA and it forms an active ribosome ……………………………… complex.

a) rRNA

b) mRNA

c) tRNA

d) sRNA

Answer: B

Read : MCQ on Vacuoles 

10. Which cell organelle plays a key role in translating the genetic message?

a) Nucleus

b) Mitochondria

c) Golgi Apparatus

d) Ribosomes

Answer: D

11. Which of the following ribosomal RNA does not take part in rDNA organization of E.coli?

a) 5S RNA

b) 23S RNA

c) 16S RNA

d) 5.8S RNA

Answer: D

Read : MCQ on Cytoplasm 

12. The sedimentation coefficient of complete ribosomes in bacterial cells is__________

a) 70S

b) 80S

c) 78S

d) 60S

Answer: A

13. Which of the following subunits of ribosomes is composed of 23S rRNA and 5S rRNA along with 32 different proteins?

(A) 50S

(B) 70S

(C) 30S

(D) 60S

Answer: A

Read : MCQ on Mitochondria 

14. Which type of ribosome is attached to the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum?

a) Free ribosomes

b) Bound ribosomes

c) Both

d) None

Answer: B

15. The ribosomes generally composed of two subunits where one consists of protein and the other is a type of RNA called as__________

a) Ribosomal RNA

b) Ribosomal DNA

c) Ribosomal Nucleus

d) Ribosomal scurvy

Answer: A

16. What is polyribosome?

a) Association of several ribosomes on a single mRNA molecule is called a polyribosome.

b) Association of several mRNAs on a single ribosome molecule is called a polyribosome.

c) Association of several ribosomes.

d) Association of several deoxy ribosomes.

Answer: A

17. Genetic information stored in mRNA is translated to polypeptide by ___________

a) Ribosome

b) Nucleus

c) Endoplasmic reticulum

d) Golgi apparatus

Answer: A

18. Which of the following are functions of ribosomes?

(i) It helps in the manufacture of protein molecules.

(ii) It helps in manufacture of enzymes.

(iii) It helps in the manufacture of hormones.

(iv) It helps in the manufacture of starch molecules.

a) (i) and (ii)

b) (ii) and (iii)

c) (iii) and (iv)

d) (i) and (iv)

Answer A

19. Where the free ribosomes synthesized proteins?

a) Cytoplasm

b) Centriole

c) Nucleus

d) Cytosol

Answer: D

20. What is the sedimentation coefficient of mitochondrial ribosomes of humans?

a) 70S

b) 55S

c) 80S

d) 60S

Answer: B

21. Polysome is formed by__________

a) Several ribosomes attached to a single mRNA.

b) Many ribosomes attached to a strand of the endoplasmic reticulum.

c) a ribosome with several subunits.

d) Ribosomes are attached in a linear arrangement.

Answer: A

22. Site of formation of ribosomal precursor or ribosomal subunits in a cell____________

a) Nucleus

b) Nucleolus

c) Nucleus body

d) Stroma

Answer: B

23. The ribosomes of bacteria, mitochondria, prokaryotes, and chloroplast are of____________

a) 50S type

b) 80S type

c) 70S type

d) 30S type

Answer: C

24. 70S type of ribosomes are found in___________

a) Prokaryotic cells

b) Prokaryotic cells and chloroplast

c) Mitochondria

d) Nucleus, mitochondria

Answer: B

25. Assembly of 60 S and 40 S subunits of ribosomes produce____________

a) 80 S

b) 70 S

c) 50 S

d) 100 S

Answer: A

26. The cell organelle is known as protein factory is__________

a) Lysosome

b) Ribosome

c) SER

d) Vacuole

Answer: B

27. The site of protein synthesis in plants is_____________

a) Chloroplast

b) Ribosomes

c) Lysosomes

d) Mitochondria

Answer: B

28. Ribosomes attach to the endoplasmic reticulum by their_______

a) 50’S ‘sub-unit

b) 60’S ‘sub-unit

c) 40’S ‘sub-unit

d) More than one option is correct

Answer: D

29. Ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum through glycoproteins known as Ribophorin I and II. Which subunit of ribosomes get attached to the endoplasmic reticulum?

a) Large subunit

b) Small subunit

c) tRNA

d) mRNA

Answer: A

30. Which of these options are not a function of ribosomes?  

I. It helps in manufacture of protein molecules.  

II. It helps in manufacture of enzymes  

III. It helps in manufacture of hormones  

IV. It helps in manufacture of starch molecules  

a) I and II 

b) II and III 

c) III and IV 

d) IV and I

Answer: A

31. Choose the incorrectly matched pair from the options given below. 

a) Director of the cell – Nucleus 

b) Protein factories – Ribosomes 

c) Semiautonomous organelle – Mitochondria 

d) Cytoplasmic bridges – Nucleolus 

Answer: D

32. Select the incorrect statement about prokaryotic ribosomes. 

a) 50S and 30S subunits unite to form 70S ribosomes. 

b) Polysomes/polyribosome consists of many ribosomes only. 

c) Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis. 

d) Polysomes indicate the synthesis of identical polypeptide in multiple copies.

Answer: B

33. Majority of proteins ( of intracellular use ) are not synthesized on_____________

A -Ribosomes produced in the nucleolus 

B – Ribosomes attached with ER and nuclear membrane 

C – Free ribosomes of eukaryote cells 

D – Ribosomal sub- units forming polyribosomes  

E – Ribosomal sub- units forming polyribosomes Which are found in peri-mitochondrial space of prokaryotic cells

a) A and D

b) B,C and D

c) D and E

d) B , C and E

Answer : A

34. Study the following statements. The correct statements are_______

(I) the diameter of ribosomes is `230A^0` 

(II) eukaryotes and Prokaryotes have both 80 S and 70 S ribosomes 

(III) 80 S ribosomes are formed by association between 50 S and 30 S sub units 

(IV) Polyribosomes translate and produce different polypeptides

a) I only

b) I and III only

c) I, II and III only

d) II and IV

Answer : A

35. Which of the following statement is incorrect w.r.t ribosomes?

a) The type of ribosomes of prokaryotes is 70S

b) Ribosomes were descoverd by George Palade

c) They are made up of RNA only

d) Ribosome are also known as protein factories

Answer : C

36. What is true about ribosomes?

a) The prokaryotic ribosomes are  where ‘S’ stands for sedimentation coefficient

b) These are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins

c) These are found only in eukaryotic cells

d) These are self-splicing introns of some RNAs

Answer: B