MCQ on Environmental Microbiology:

• Environmental Microbiology is an area of ​​science dedicated to the study of physiology, genetics, interactions, and functions of microorganisms in the environment, and makes use of this knowledge with the greater objective of maintaining environmental quality and contributing to the sustainable development of modern society.
• Environmental microbiology is an area located within microbiology focused on the study of microorganisms in the environment.
• Environmental microbiology also applies to the maintenance of human health.
• Environmental Microbiology uses to perform decontamination, Bioremediation, and Pollution Control.
• It is also used to develop and test methods of cultivation and application of microorganisms.
• Environmental microbiologists study how microorganisms interact with the environment and each other.
• Applications of environmental microbiology include water quality modeling, pollution control, and process design of water and wastewater treatment operations. (MCQ on Environmental Microbiology)

Environmental Microbiology MCQ with Answers:

1. Most of the microorganisms ___
A. is a protozoan
B. Help to improve the quality of life
C. Live at the bottom of the ocean
D. Found in outer space
Answer: B

Read: MCQ on Bioremediation

2. A phage is a virus that infects ____
A. Yeast
B. fungus
C. Bacteria
D.protozoa
Answer: C

3. The special characteristics that are suitable for all microorganisms are___________
A. they are multicellular
B. cells with distinct nuclei
C. can only be seen with a microscope
D. capable of photosynthesis
Answer: C

4. __________is a common unit of microbial size
A.mm
B.μm
C.cm
D.nm
Answer: B

5. The main mode of reproduction of bacteria is_________
A. fission
b.budding
C. proliferation
D.We are all
Answer: A

6. The moisture contained in clouds and precipitated as snow, hail, r, ain, etc constitutes_________________
A. Atmospheric water
B. Surface water
C.Groundwater
D. Subterranean water
Answer: A

7. Among the following microorganisms belongs Gram-negative bacteria________
A.Escherichia coli
B. Staphylococcus aureus
C. Bacillus megaterium
D.pneumococcus
Answer: A

8. Which of the following molds can produce zoospores?
A.Pythium
B.Mucor
C. Gibberella
D. Penicillium
Answer: A

9. Nitric acid bacteria rely on ____ to produce production.
A. Fermentation
B. Aerobic breathing
C. anaerobic respiration
D. Photophosphorylation
Answer: B

10. The suitable pH for yeast growth is ____
a.5.0-6.0
b.3.0-4.0
c.8.0-9.0
D.7.0-7.5
Answer: A

11. The chemical substrate for further metabolism in the tricarboxylic acid cycle is ____
A. Ethanol
B. Pyruvate
C. Acetyl CoA
D. Adenosine triphosphate
Answer: C

12. All the following features apply to cytosine and thymine, except ___
A. Both are nitrogenous bases
B. Both are pyrimidine molecules
C. Both are found in RNA
D. Both are found in DNA
Answer: C

13. The one who studies the relationship between different microbial communities and their environment is____.
A. Microbial evolution
B. Microbial physiology
C. Microbial ecology
D. Microbial biochemical microbiology
Answer: C

14. The main product of the ammoniation process in the soil is ____.
A.Urea
B. Amino acids
C.protein
D. Ammonia
Answer: D

15. Which of the following is the most commonly used medium for culturing bacteria in the laboratory?
A. Beef extract, peptone medium
B. potato medium
C. Gao’s No.1 medium
D.wort medium
Answer: A

16. The hyphae of actinomycetes with the functions of absorbing nutrients and excreting metabolites are____.
A. basal mycelium
B. aerial mycelium
C. spore silk
d.spores
Answer: A

17. The following microorganisms are archaea_________
A.Methanogens
B. Actinomycetes
C. nitrogen-fixing bacteria
D. Cyanobacteria
Answer: A

18. Microorganisms survive in arid environments because______
A. spore formation
B. Metabolizes only glucose molecules
C. no cell membrane
D. no chromosomes
Answer: A

19. The following dyes are used in Gram staining___________
A. methylene blue and congo red
B. Aniline Black River Carbolic Acid Fuchsia
C. Saffron and Crystal Violet
D. Congo red and crystal violet
Answer: C

20. The types of nutrients that provide energy through the oxidation of inorganic substances are___________
A. photoautotroph
B. chemoautotroph
C. photoheterotroph
D. chemoheterotroph
Answer: B

21. Which of the following statements about growth factors is incorrect___________
A. Growth factors are organic or inorganic substances that cannot be synthesized by microorganisms but are necessary
B. Different microorganisms may require different growth factors
C. The same microorganism may have different requirements for growth factors under different growth conditions
D. Growth factors include amino acids, bases, and vitamins
Answer: A

22. This microbe is the most common agent that causes illness associated with recreational water__________
A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
B. Shigella.
C. Cryptosporidium parvum.
D. Toxoplasma gondii.
Answer: C

23. What chemical contaminant, when present in water, can be acted upon by microbes to produce a powerful nerve toxin that may be lethal to humans?
A. copper.
B. mercury.
C. lead.
D. fluoride.
Answer: B

24. All of the following are true of potable water except___________
A. It is drinkable.
B. It contains dissolved substances.
C. It is void of microbes.
D. It contains chemicals.
Answer: C

25. Most organisms cannot survive the high water temperature of a hot tub. This organism, however, not only survives high temperatures but is the leading cause of dermatitis obtained from soaking in a hot tub________
A. Legionelpneumoniaiae.
B. Leptospirosis.
C. Giardia lamblias.
D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Answer: D

26. Sources of contamination of aquifer and groundwater could be________
A. broken sewer lines.
B. fertilizers used on farmland.
C. defective good casing.
D. all of the above.
Answer: D

27. The order of steps used in the treatment of sewage water is________
1. Water is treated with ultraviolet radiation, chlorination, or ozone.
2. Water is held in holding ponds.
3. Water is filtered through beds of sand or charcoal.
4. Water is treated with aluminum potassium sulfate.
5. Sludge is removed from the water.
A. 2, 3, 1, 4, 5.
B. 4, 2, 3, 1, 5.
C. 3, 4, 5, 1, 2.
D. 2, 5, 4, 3, 1.
Answer: D

28. The most common organism used as an indicator of fecal contamination in water is________
A.Escherichia coli.
B. Staphylococcus aureus.
C. Acanthamoeba.
D. Vibrio cholerae.
Answer: A

29. This method can be used to detect microorganisms and viruses on membrane filters_________
A. chlorination of filter.
B. cultivation of organisms using lactose broth.
C. streaking of organism on EMB plate.
D. using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Answer: D

30. This group of microbes is detrimental in the anaerobic degradation of carbon compounds into inorganic compounds during the treatment of sewage_______
A.coliforms.
B. lactose-producing organisms.
C. photosynthetic organisms.
D. Gram-positive organisms.
Answer: C

Hope you like these MCQ on Environmental Microbiology.

True or False

1. A prophage is a DNA fragment integrated into the host DNA, and it cannot reproduce independently.
Answer: False

2. The abnormal morphology of bacteria is an inherent characteristic of bacteria.
Answer: True

3. Eukaryotic microorganisms can grow at high temperatures than prokaryotic microorganisms.
Answer: False

4. Spores are the reproductive organs of spore bacteria.
Answer: False

5. Both photosynthetic bacteria and cyanobacteria are phototrophic microorganisms that produce oxygen.
Answer: False

6. The polysaccharide used to solidify the bacterial culture medium is agar.
Answer: True

7. During the decay period of microbial growth, the rate of cell death exceeds the rate of cell division.
Answer: True

8. The bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine exist in RNA or DNA, but only RNA has thymine.
Answer: False

9. The optimum growth conditions for fungi are somewhat alkaline.
Answer: False

10. All nutrients that affect the growth rate of microorganisms are called growth-limiting factors.
Answer: False