MCQ on Genetic Engineering: 

Read: MCQ on DNA

1. Which of the following is not a genetic engineering tool_______

A. Restriction endonucleases

B. DNA polymerase

C. DNA ligase

D. carrier

Answer: B

Read: MCQ on Nucleic Acid

2. Which of the following are often used to carry genes of interest in genetic engineering______

A. Bacterial plasmids

C. bacteriophage

C. Both of these 

D. All of these 

Answer: C

Read: MCQ on Genetic Material

3. Which of the following cannot be used as vectors in genetic engineering________

A. Bacterial plasmids

b. bacteriophage

c. Bacterial nucleoid DNA

D. Animal and Plant Viruses

Answer: C

Read: MCQ on Genetic Recombination

4. “Molecular scissors” used in genetic engineering is_________

A. DNA polymerase

B. DNA ligase

C. Restriction endonuclease

D. Helicase

Answer: C

Read: MCQ on Central Dogma

5. Which of the following is related to genetic engineering?

A. Plasmid

B. Heterosis

C. Mutation

D. Plastid

Answer: A

Read: MCQ on Tanslation

6. The tool for cutting the target gene in genetic engineering is________

A. DNA ligase

B. helicase

C. DNA polymerase

D. restriction endonuclease

Answer: D

Read: MCQ on Transcription

7. rDNA technology is known as?

A. Genetic engineering.

B. Genetic recombinant.

C. Genetic improvement.

D. None of the above.

Answer: A

Read: MCQ on Gene Therapy

8. Which of the following is not a tool of genetic engineering?

A. Cloning vector

B. Restriction enzyme

C. Foreign DNA

D. GMO

Answer: D

Read: MCQ on RNA

9. The ideal size of a cloning vector (Plasmid) should be less than_____ 

A. 10 kb

B. 100 kb

C. 1000 kb

D. 1 MB

Answer: A

10. DNA sequencing is carried out by______

A. Maxam Gilbert’s method

B. Sanger dideoxy method

C. Both a and b

D. Watson and Crick

Answer: C

11. The enzymes which are commonly used in genetic engineering are_______

A. Endonuclease and ligase

B. Restriction endonuclease and polymerase

C. Ligase and polymerase

D. Restriction endonuclease and ligase

Answer: D

12. Which of the following statements are correct about Plasmids

A. Plasmids are circular molecules of DNA.

B. Plasmids show an independent existence in the bacterial cell.

C. Plasmids carry one or more genes.

D. All of these 

Answer: D

13. The four steps of an rDNA experiment are

A. the First step is generating DNA fragments.

B. Second step is cutting and joining the DNA fragments to vector DNA molecules.

C. Third step is introducing the vectors carrying the foreign DNA into host cells.

D. Fourth is selecting the clone of recipient cells.

E. All of these 

Answer: E

14. Which of the following statements about genetic engineering is true_______

A. The “needle and thread” of genetic engineering is DNA polymerase

B. The recipient cell of the gene of interest is called the carrier

C. Genetic engineering enables targeted interspecific gene recombination

D. At present, there is controversy about the safety of genetically modified food, and relevant research should be stopped

Answer: C

15. Which of the following statements is true_____

A. Ligases join nucleic acid molecules.

B. Polymerases make copies of molecules.

C. Modifying enzymes remove or add chemical groups.

D. All of these 

Answer: D

16. The organizations whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering are called as –

A. Genetically mutant organism

B. Genetically modern organism

C. Genetically modified organism

D. Genetically transferred organism.

Answer: C

17. Which of the following is used in genetic engineering?

A. Restriction endonuclease

B. Mycobacterium

C. Entameha

D. Pepsin

Answer: A

18. In genetic engineering, the enzymes required for binding the gene of interest to the carrier are

A. Helicase

B. RNA polymerase

C. DNA ligase

D. restriction endonuclease

Answer: C

19. Widely used tool in genetic engineering of crop plants is ____

A. protoplast fusion

B. Transposon

C. Microinjection

D. Agrobacterium mediation

Answer: B

Read: MCQ on Protein Engineering

20. The organism whose genes have been artificially altered for the desired effect is called…….

A. genetically mutant organism

B. gene transfer

C. genetically modified organism

D. Genetically transferred organism

Answer: C

Read: MCQ on cell engineering

21. Which was the first commercially grown, genetically engineered crop approved for human consumption?

A. Potato

B. Cotton

C. Maize

D. Tomato

Answer: D

Read: MCQ on Chromosome

22. In which of the following was genetic engineering first employed commercially?

A. To develop human DNA using bacteria.

B. To develop genetically modified plants with high resistance.

C. To develop human insulin using bacteria.

D. To develop genetically modified plants with high productivity.

Answer: C

23. Which one of the following bacteria has found extensive use in genetic engineering work in plants?

A. Agrobacterium tamefaciens

B. Clostridium septicum

C. Xanthomonas citri

D. Bacillus Coagulens

Answer: A

24. Restriction endonucleases are used in genetic engineering because –

A. They can degrade harmful proteins

B. They can join DNA fragments

C. They can cut DNA at specific base sequences

D. They can cut DNA at variable sites

Answer: D

25. The ultimate goal of genetic engineering is to_________

A. Directional extraction of biological DNA molecules

B. Targeted cleavage of DNA molecules

C. Directed modification of DNA molecules

D. Genetically engineered organisms

Answer: D

26. Transgenic crops are modified through genetic engineering to develop natural resistance to insect pests. Which of the following are transgenic plants?

A. Tobacco and cotton

B. Tomato and rice

C. Maize and sugarcane

D. Tomato and wheat

Answer: A

27. The bacteria associated with plant genetic engineering are –

A. salmonella and Pseudomonas

B. Salmonella typhimurium and agrobacterium

C. Bacillus thuringiensis and Pseudomonas fluorescens

D. Both b and c

Answer: D

28. Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) is an Indian Government organisation for:

A. Giving patents for the GM plants

B. Protection of bio-resources and traditional knowledge

C. Validating GM research and the safety of introducing GM-organisms

D. Fighting biopiracy in the country

Answer: D

29. Production of a human protein in bacteria genetic engineering is possible because

A. bacterial cell can carry out the RNA splicing reactions

B. the human chromosome can replicate in bacterial cell

C. the mechanism of gene regulation is identical in humans and bacteria

D. The genetic code is universal

Answer: C

30. Genetic engineering is possible because

A. the phenomenon of transduction in bacteria is well understood

B. we can see DNA by electron microscope

C. we can cut DNA at specific sites by endonucleases like DNA as I

D. restriction endonuclease purified from bacteria can be used in vitro

Answer: A

31. The three basic theories that gave birth to genetic engineering are

① the proof that DNA is the genetic material 

② the discovery of tool enzymes 

③ the establishment of the DNA double helix structure and the central dogma 

④ the success of the recombinant DNA expression experiment 

⑤ the deciphering of the genetic code Invention of technology 

⑥ Invention of DNA sequencing technology 

A. ①②③

B. ④⑤⑥

D. ①③⑤

D. All of these 

Answer: D

32. Which of the following statements about genetic engineering is incorrect_______

A. DNA ligase is required to link the target gene and the carrier

B. Plasmids are commonly used carriers

C. Plasmids are small circular pieces of DNA that replicate autonomously

D. Human interferon mRNA was extracted from yeast cells, indicating that the target gene was successfully expressed

Answer: D

33. Which of the following statements about genetic engineering is true_________

A. The “needle and thread” of genetic engineering is DNA polymerase

B. The recipient cell of the gene of interest is called the carrier

C. Genetic engineering enables targeted interspecific gene recombination

D. At present, there is controversy about the safety of genetically modified food, and relevant research should be stopped

Answer: C

34. Which of the following statements about the construction of gene expression vectors is incorrect_______

A. must be carried out within the cell

B. Antibiotic resistance genes can be used as marker genes

C. The terminator is located at the end of the gene

D. The promoter is at the beginning of the gene

Answer: A

35. In genetic engineering technology, restriction endonucleases are mainly used for__________

A. Extraction and introduction of target gene

B. Introduction and detection of target genes

C. Binding and introduction of the gene of interest to the carrier

D. Extraction of the target gene and binding to carrier

Answer: D

36. Which of the following statements about T4 DNA ligase is true__________

A. isolated from Escherichia coli

B. Only sticky ends can be attached

C. Only connect blunt ends

D. Both sticky and blunt ends can be attached

Answer: D

37. Which statement about genetic engineering is true__________

A. Restriction endonucleases are only used to obtain the target gene

B. Recombinant plasmids are formed in recipient cells

C. All plasmids can be used as carriers

D. The structure of the protein can provide information for the synthesis of the target gene

Answer: D

38. In genetic engineering, the terms “scissors”, “needle and thread” and “carrier” are used by scientists to refer to________

A. Escherichia coli virus, plasmid, DNA ligase

B. Phage, plasmid, DNA ligase

C. DNA restriction enzymes, RNA ligases, plasmids

D. DNA restriction enzymes, DNA ligases, plasmids

Answer: D

39. Which of the following statements about plasmids is correct_______

A. Plasmids are granular organelles that are widely present in bacterial cells

B. Plasmids are small circular DNA molecules that replicate autonomously in the bacterial cytoplasm

C. A plasmid can only replicate in a host cell after it has been introduced into the host cell

D. The replication process of bacterial plasmids must be independent of the host cell

Answer: B

40. Which of the following statements about restriction enzymes is incorrect________

A. From the point of view of the type of reaction, the restriction enzyme catalyzes a hydrolysis reaction

B. The activity of restriction enzymes is affected by temperature and pH

C. A restriction enzyme can only recognize a specific deoxynucleotide sequence in double-stranded DNA

D. The shorter the restriction enzyme recognition sequence, the less likely it will be present in the DNA

Answer: D

41. In genetic engineering, the necessary characteristics of restriction enzymes and nicks used to cut the target gene and vector are:

A. Different restriction enzymes can be used, the sticky ends exposed must be the same

B. The same restriction enzymes must be used, and the sticky ends exposed may not be the same

C. The same restriction enzymes must be used, and the exposed sticky ends must be the same

D. Different restriction enzymes can be used to expose different sticky ends

Answer: C

42. The gene of interest can be detected in recipient cells because_______

A. The target gene is marked

B. Plasmids have certain marker genes

C. The recombinant plasmid can replicate

D. None of the above is correct

Answer: B

43. Which of the following statements about genetic engineering is correct_______

A. Genetic engineering often targets antibiotic resistance genes

B. Bacterial plasmids are commonly used carriers for genetic engineering

C. Usually the DNA containing the gene of interest is treated with one restriction enzyme and the carrier DNA with another

D. To breed new crop varieties with herbicide resistance, only fertilized eggs can be used as receptors when introducing herbicide resistance genes

Answer: B

44. The core steps of genetic engineering are______

A. Obtaining the target gene

B. Construction of gene expression vector

C. Introducing the gene of interest into recipient cells

D. Detection and identification of target genes

Answer: B

45. Which of the following is not the detection method of the target gene in genetic engineering_______

A. Molecular hybridization technology

B. Antigen-antibody hybridization

C. Inoculation experiments for insect or disease resistance

D. gene gun

Answer: D

19. The correct operation steps of genetic engineering are:

1. Combine the target gene with the carrier, 

2. Introduce the target gene into the recipient cells, 

3. Check whether the expression of the target gene meets the requirements of specific traits, 

4. Extract the target gene

A. ③②④①

B. ②④①③

C. ④①②③

D. ③④①②

Answer: C

46. When the base sequence of a small fragment of the gene is known, the best way to obtain the gene is to______

A. Synthesize DNA by reverse transcription using mRNA as a template

B. Synthesized with 4 kinds of deoxynucleotides as raw materials

C. was prepared by PCR technique. Deduced mRNA from the amino acid sequence of the protein

D. None of these 

Answer: C

47. Which of the following statements about “gene probes” is incorrect_______

A. Gene probes work by complementary base pairing

B. The DNA molecule to be tested must first unwind into a single strand before sequencing with a gene probe

C. DNA molecules to be tested can be sequenced directly with gene probes

D. Gene probe technology can be used for disease diagnosis and environmental monitoring

Answer: C