MCQs in Biochemistry

Struggling with MCQs in Biochemistry preparation for NEET, AIIMS, DHA, or university exams? Our free Biochemistry MCQ PDF with answers is designed for Indian medical, dental, and paramedical students (MBBS/BDS/BSc Nursing) seeking comprehensive revision.

This Biochemistry MCQ book features 700+ rigorously curated questions and answers covering enzymes, metabolism, clinical biochemistry, and molecular biology – aligned with NCERT and international syllabi. Each MCQs in Biochemistry includes detailed explanations to clarify complex topics like Krebs cycle regulation, genetic disorders, and lab diagnostics.

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MCQs in Biochemistry with Answers

1) What is biochemistry in simple words?
A. Biochemistry is both life science and chemical science.
B. The study of chemical reactions in live beings, including but not limited to living matter, is known as biochemistry.
C. Both of these
D. None of the above
Answer: C
Explanation: Biochemistry involves the chemical processes within and related to living organisms. It’s both a life and chemical science.

2) Who is the father of biochemistry?
A. Archibald Edward Garrod
B. Charles Darwin
C. Edward Tatum
D. None of the above
Answer: A
Explanation: Archibald Edward Garrod is considered the father of biochemistry for his work linking genetics to metabolism.

3) Which of the following enzymes catalyzed Hydrolysis reactions
a) Hydrolase
b) Oxidoreductase
c) Isomerase
d) Ligase
Answer: a
Explanation: Hydrolase enzymes catalyze the cleavage of bonds by the addition of water (hydrolysis).

4) A phosphodiester bond is present in
a) Nucleic acids in a nucleotide
b) Monosaccharides in a polysaccharide
c) Amino acids in a polypeptide
d) Fatty acids in a diglyceride
Answer: a
Explanation: Phosphodiester bonds link the sugar and phosphate backbone in nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.

5) Which of the following statements is correct about column chromatography?
a) Resolution improves as column length increases
b) Mobile phase is a porous solid material kept in the column with appropriate chemical characteristics
c) Stationary phase is a buffered solution that percolates through the mobile phase
d) Large proteins exit the column faster than tiny proteins
Answer: a
Explanation: Longer columns allow better separation and resolution of compounds during chromatography.

6) Proteins with the quaternary structure are characterized by:
A. The molecule must contain a prosthetic group
B. based on two or more polypeptide chains with tertiary structure, the peptide chains are further folded and coiled to form
C. Each polypeptide chain has an independent biological activity
D. Consists of two or more polypeptide chains with tertiary structure
Answer: D
Explanation: Quaternary protein structure involves multiple polypeptide chains forming a functional protein.

7) At which wavelength is the maximum absorption peak of nucleic acid for ultraviolet light?
A. 280nm
b. 260nm
c. 200nm
D. 340nm
Answer: b
Explanation: Nucleic acids absorb UV light most strongly at 260 nm due to their aromatic bases.

8) Which B vitamins are contained in the coenzyme NADP+ molecule?
A. Pyridoxal Phosphate
B. Riboflavin
C. folic acid
D. Nicotinamide
Answer: D
Explanation: NADP+ contains the vitamin B3 derivative nicotinamide as its functional component.

9) Which of the following hormones can lower blood sugar levels?
A. Adrenaline
b. Glucagon
C. Growth hormone
D. Insulin
Answer: D
Explanation: Insulin decreases blood glucose by promoting its uptake and storage.

10) The lipoproteins with the highest cholesterol content are:
A. Chylomicrons
b. Very low-density lipoprotein
C. intermediate-density lipoprotein
D. low-density lipoprotein
Answer: D
Explanation: LDL particles have the highest proportion of cholesterol and are often called “bad cholesterol.”

11) Cytochromes b, c1, c, and P450 all contain prosthetic groups:
A. Fe3+
B. Heme C
C. heme A
D. Iron porphyrin
Answer: D
Explanation: Cytochromes contain iron-porphyrin groups crucial for electron transfer.

12) In which tissues does purine nucleotide cycle deamination mainly take place?
A. liver
B. kidney
c. brain
D. muscle
Answer: D
Explanation: The purine nucleotide cycle functions mainly in muscle to supply fumarate to the TCA cycle.

13) HGPRT (hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase) is involved in which of the following reactions:
A. De novo synthesis of purine nucleotides
B. De novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides
C. Purine nucleotide salvage synthesis
D. Pyrimidine nucleotide salvage synthesis
Answer: C
Explanation: HGPRT plays a key role in the purine salvage pathway, recycling purines like hypoxanthine and guanine.

14) Which of the following enzymes is a chemically modified enzyme?
A. Hexokinase
B. glucokinase
C. Pyruvate carboxykinase
D. Glycogen synthase
Answer: D
Explanation: Glycogen synthase is regulated by covalent modification (phosphorylation/dephosphorylation).

15) Primers in DNA replication are:
A. DNA fragments synthesized from DNA as a template
B. RNA fragments synthesized from RNA as template
C. RNA fragments synthesized from DNA as a template
D. RNA fragments synthesized from RNA as template
Answer: C
Explanation: Primers are short RNA sequences made by primase using DNA as a template to initiate replication.

16) The secondary structure of proteins includes:
A. α-helix
B. β-sheet
C. Both
D. None of the
Answer: C
Explanation: The common secondary structures in proteins are α-helices and β-pleated sheets formed via hydrogen bonding.

17) The secondary structure of DNA is characterized by:
A. Two polynucleotide strands are antiparallel around the same central axis to form a double helix
B. Form base pairing in AT, GC manner
C. Both strands are right-handed helices
D. All of these
Answer: D
Explanation: The DNA double helix has all these features, including antiparallel strands and specific base pairing.

18) Which statements are true about isozymes?
A. It is a polymer complex composed of different subunits
B. Different Km values for the same substrate
C. They have the same mobility when separated by electrophoresis
D. Both A and B
Answer: D
Explanation: Isozymes have structural differences but catalyze the same reaction and often differ in Km and tissue distribution.

19) The key enzymes of the gluconeogenesis pathway are:
A. Pyruvate carboxylase
B. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
C. Phosphobiphosphatase
D. All of these
Answer: D
Explanation: All three enzymes are essential for bypassing irreversible steps in glycolysis during gluconeogenesis.

20) The products of fatty acid beta-oxidation are:
A. NADH+H+
B. NADPH+H
C. Acetyl CoA
D. Both A and C
Answer: D
Explanation: Fatty acid β-oxidation produces both NADH and Acetyl-CoA, which are used in energy metabolism.

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